有关DNA翻译
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发布时间：2022-04-22 09:06
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时间：2023-10-09 18:57
Facts about DNA
关于DNA的要素
Shape: double helix-(twisted ladder)
形状：双螺旋-（扭曲的梯子形）
Number of strands: 2
股数：2
Nitrogenous bases: A (adenine) T (thymine) G (guanine) C (cytosine)
氮基：A(腺嘌呤)T(胸腺嘧啶)G(鸟嘌呤)(核酸的基本成分)C(胞嘧啶)
Five-carbon sugar: deoxyribose
五碳糖(碳链为5):脱氧核糖核酸
How the nitrogenous bases match up: A-T C-G
氮基是如何搭配的:A-T C-G
Function: to make up genes-holds instructions to make proteins (including enzymes that promote chemical reactions)
功能:把携带遗传信息的基因组成蛋白质(包括参加化学反应的消化酶)
Facts about RNA
关于RNA的要素
Shape: single helix and other shapes (many shapes)
形状:单螺旋和其它形状(多种形状)
Number of strands: 1
股数:1
Nitrogenous bases: A G C U (uracil)
氮基:A G C U(尿嘧啶)
Five-carbon sugar: ribose
五碳糖:核糖核酸
How the nitrogenous bases match up: A-U C-G
氮基是如何搭配的:A-U C-G
Function: carry instructions from DNA to where proteins are made and help make proteins (carry protein instructions from
DNA to ribosome)
功能:从生产蛋白质的DNA提取遗传信息并且协助制造蛋白质(从DNA携带蛋白质遗传信息到核酸糖小体)
DNA replication
DNA再造
DNA replication =when DNA makes an exact copy of itself *Necessary part of chromosome replication ring interphase in preparation for mitosis and meiosis
DNA再造=DNA自身制造出一个精确复本 对细胞*期间为细胞有丝*和减数*作准备的染色体再造的必要部分
Steps of DNA replication: 1.enzymes untwist the double helix
DNA再造步骤:1 酶朝相反方向将双螺旋分解
2. The 2 strands of DNA separate or “unzip” e to the enzymes breaking bonds between the bases
2 DNA的两股螺旋分开或者"拉开"由于酶把氮基之间的化学键破坏
3. Free nucleotides from the cytoplasm enter the nucleus, where they bond to the bases on the separate DNA strands
3 在细胞质中活动的核苷酸进入细胞核,他们在单股DNA螺旋上的氮基重新绑定
4. 2 complete DNA molecules are formed
4 两个DNA分子形成
