请问一下 AS IF的用法
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发布时间：2022-04-22 08:27
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热心网友
时间：2022-06-18 15:23
这是虚拟语气的问题，当“说明的事实会发生”，用陈述语气，就是说该用什么时态就用什么语态。当“不会发生”，用虚拟语气。具体用法是：
1)谈论现在情形的，用过去时（动词be用were,也可用was）：
Why is she looking at me as though she knew me? 他为什么那样看我？像是认识我似的。
He behaves as if he owned the house. 他的样子好像他拥有这个房子。
2)谈论过去情形的动词形式有以下几种：
a)过去式，表示过去的状态，如：
He looked at me as if I were mad. 他那样看我，好像我是个疯子。
He stood there looking at the train and laughing, as if to miss a
train was the best joke in the world.他站在那里，望着火车哈哈大笑，好像误了火车是天底下最开心的事儿似的。
Mr. Coleman always talked as if he knew everything.但是，如果状态动词带有持续时间状语，则用过去完成时：
b)过去完成时，表示过去的动作先于主句动词而发生或完成，如：
It was as if he had lost his last friend.
“I remember,” she tells her children now, “how wild his white hair looked——as if it had been electrified.”（高二册，第91页）
必须注意的时，在指过去的动作时，即使主句是现在时，as if 从句中的动词也要用过去完成时：
You look as if you’d seen a ghost. 你好像是见了鬼似的。
He talks about Rome as though he had been there himself.他讲起罗马的情况来就好像他亲自到过那里似的。
c)过去进行时，表示动作正在进行：
He heard a noise, as if someone was breathing.（高一册，第211页）
He ran as if ghosts were chasing him.
I felt as if the ground were slipping beneath my feet. 我感到大地仿佛在脚下滑动。
d)过去将来时，表示将要发生的事态：
It looked as if it was going to snow. （高一册，第127页）
He opened his lips as if he would say something to you.
2. 如果as if后面的从句所表示的情况时真实的或很可能时真实的，则动词可以用陈述语气，在feel, look, seem，smell, sound, taste之后尤其如此。试比较：
He walks as if he is drunk.
He walks as if he were drunk.
第一句表示“他已经醉了”，第2句则表示“他没有醉”。又如：
It looks as if it is going to rain.
It looks as if were going to rain.
第一例意味着快要下雨了，第二例则意味着不会下雨。再看其她例子：
There’s Hob, talking to the ticket-collector. It looks as if he
hasn’t got a platform ticket. 那不，霍布正在同检票员说话，看样子还没弄到站台票。
You look as if you’ve been running. 你好像刚跑了一阵似的。
You look as if you know each other.
He looks as if he’s tired.
It looks/seems as if you’re right.
You have acted as if you like me.
It smells as if it is fresh. 闻起来很新鲜。
参考资料：http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_514ce0190100hmcp.html
