· v. [leɪ] ( lays;laid;laying ) · · 双解释义
· vt. 1.放置 set in proper position
· vt. 2.压倒,使躺下,放倒 put down so as to lie flat;cause to lie flat · vt. 3.使…平息,使…消失 settle, disappear, or cease to be active · vt. 4. 打赌,下赌注 risk (especially money) on the result of some happening, such as a race;bet
· vt. & vi. 5.生蛋,产卵 produce · 基本要点
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1.lay的基本意思是“放置成水平位置”。可译为“放,搁,摆”“压倒,放倒”“铺设,敷设”等,引申可指“安排”“布置”“拟定”“提出”等。用作及物动词时,可接名词或代词作宾语,也可接“(to be+)adj./v-ed”充当补足语的复合宾语。 2.lay作“产卵”解时,可用作及物动词,也可省去宾语(通常为eggs)而用作不及物动词。
3.lay作“押,赌”解时通常接双宾语,其间接宾语可以是人,也可以是赌的“标的”,直接宾语则多为that引起的从句。
4.lay也可用作系动词,接形容词或过去分词作表语。
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· 词汇搭配
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～+名词 lay a carpet 铺地毯
lay a city〔town〕 flat (地震)把城市〔镇〕夷为平地 lay a course 按计划进行
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lay a fire 生火 lay a floor 铺地板 lay a ghost 驱除鬼怪 lay a pipe 铺管道 lay a scheme 策划阴谋 lay a sewer 安装排水管 lay a trap 设圈套 lay a turf 铺草皮 lay a wager 打赌 lay a wreath 献花圈 lay ambush 设埋伏 lay bombs 埋炸弹
lay breakfast 摆好桌吃早饭 lay bricks 砌砖 lay cloth 铺桌布 lay colours 涂颜料 lay doubts 消除疑惑 lay dust 消除尘土 lay eggs 下蛋,产卵 lay explosives 埋炸药 lay facts 陈述事实 lay fine 罚款
lay heads together 研讨计划 lay indictment 提起公诉 lay lunch 摆好桌子吃午饭 lay mines 布雷 lay pavement 铺路面 lay plans 准备计划 lay plaster 抹泥
lay plates 摆菜盘(准备用餐)
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lay railroad track 铺设铁轨 lay snare 设陷阱 lay spirit 驱除鬼魂
lay submarine cable 铺设海底电缆 lay supper 摆好桌子吃晚饭 lay tempest 平息风暴 lay the basis 打基础 lay the blanket 盖毯子 lay the cloth 铺桌布
lay the crops flat 把庄稼割倒在地 lay the dust 消除灰尘 lay the foundation 奠定基础 lay the land waste 使…成一片荒凉 lay the table 摆好餐具 ～+形容词 lay asleep 使入睡 lay bare 露出,揭开 lay flat 使…倒下 lay open 揭发,使…暴露 lay waste 损坏 ～+副词 lay recently 最近铺设 lay squarely 直截了当地提出 lay well 下蛋很多 lay about 乱打 lay across 横着放 lay along 顺着放 lay aside 把…搁在一边 lay book aside 把书搁在一边 lay project aside 放弃这个方案
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lay aside the habit of smoking 戒烟 lay away 把…放在一边,积蓄,抛弃,埋葬 lay back 使…向后 lay by 储存,把…放在一边
lay down 放下,放弃,牺牲,制定,建造,储藏 lay down a general policy 制订总的方针 lay down one's arms 放下武器投降 lay down one's power 放弃权力
lay down one's precious life 献出宝贵的生命 lay oneself down to sleep 躺下睡觉 lay in 储备,储存
lay in provisions 贮存食物
lay off 把…放在一边,解雇,停止,打扰 lay off workers 解雇工人
lay on 安排(茶点,娱乐,活动等),提供(交通工具等),安装(水,电,煤气) lay on a next tax 征收一种新税 lay on blows 猛烈打击
lay on water and gas 安装自来水和煤气
lay out 摊开,展开,安排,布置,设计,花(钱、精力等) lay out pictures 设计版面 lay out the meeting 布置会场 lay over 推迟某事 lay to (使)停泊
lay up 储存,使某人因病卧床 lay up a car 把汽车搁置不用 lay up goods 贮藏货物 ～+介词 lay about 向四面八方乱打 lay across 横跨
lay across the river 横跨河流
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lay against 靠…放,控告
lay an accusation against sb 控告某人 lay along 顺置,顺着放 lay around 在…周围放置 lay before 摆到…前面,递交
lay report before a meeting 向会议提交报告 lay facts before the committee 将事实提交委员会 lay one's case before the court 向法院起诉 lay before the House of Commons 递交下议院 lay behind 落后于
lay behind most countries 落后于大多数国家 lay by 放在…旁边
lay for 等待时机,埋伏着等待 lay for the enemies 给敌人设下… lay in 挡路,淹没 lay in the dust 化为灰烬 lay into 狠打,责骂 lay off 停止…,戒掉… lay off alcohol 戒烟 lay on 把…放在…,把…强加于 lay one's hands on 对…下毒手 lay one's hopes on 指望,期待 lay stress on 强调
lay on a second coat of paint 再涂一层漆 lay duties on imports 对进口货抽税 lay the books on the desk 把书放在书桌上 lay one's cards on the table 摊牌 lay over 涂…,覆盖 lay to 把船驶入安全地带 lay to heart 牢记
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lay to rest 埋葬,消除
lay claim to the property 争财产所有权 lay under 使某人顺从,使某人服从 lay with 用…铺
lay the road with asphalt 用柏油铺路 lay the yard with straw 将稻草铺在院子里
· 常用短语
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1
lay about(v.+adv.)
乱打 strike wildly with sth ▲lay about
He laid about with a stick.他手持棍子奋力冲打。
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2
lay about(v.+prep.) 猛攻 attack violently ▲lay about sb/sth
He laid about them with a stick.他手持棍子猛打他们。
He rushed into the midst of the hooligans and laid about him fearlessly.他冲到那群恶棍中间,毫无畏惧地向四面八方乱打。
When ruffians attacked him, he laid about them vigorously.当歹徒攻击他时,他奋勇地跟他们搏斗。
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lay aside(v.+adv.) ▲lay sth ⇔ aside
1.把…放在一边 place to one side
Lay aside your book and go to bed.放下你的书本去睡吧。
He laid his book aside to listen.他把书放在一边集中精力注意听。 2.暂时搁置一边 discontinue especially for a short time ◇ 用于be ～ed结构
Plans for the new building were laid aside.建这幢新楼的计划被暂时搁了起来。 My bike was laid aside for repairs.我的自行车因需要修理,不能使用。 The plan has been laid aside.这项计划被搁置起来了。 3.放弃(某种习惯) abandon;give up
He laid aside his scruples and joined the gang.他打消顾忌入伙了。 They laid aside all their old prejudices.他们抛开了一切偏见。 It is the time we lay aside old prejudices.是我们撇开旧偏见的时候了。 4.积蓄(金钱),留出(时间) save money or time
He laid aside one hour a day for reading.他每天留一小时读书。
You ought to lay aside some money for future use.你应该为将来积蓄些钱。 Every week she laid aside a few pence to put into the bank.每周她都省下几个便士存入银行。
My daughter laid aside 50 cents a week.我女儿每周存五角钱。 ◇ 用于be ～ed结构
Half the prize money he spent, and the rest was laid aside for a rainy day.他把获得的奖金花了一半,另一半存起来以备急需。
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lay away(v.+adv.) ▲lay sb/sth ⇔ away 1.储蓄,贮存 save
She laid a little of her pay away each week.她每周将薪金储蓄一点。 I have laid a little money away for a rainy day.我储蓄了一些钱以备不时之需。
2.埋葬 bury a person ◇ 用于be ～ed结构
John was laid away in his favorite spot on the hill.约翰被安葬在山上他最喜欢的地方。
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lay before(v.+prep.) 提交 refer to
▲lay sth before sb/sth
I laid the matter squarely before him.我把这一问题直截了当地向他提出来。 The nominating committee laid its slate before the board.提名委员会把候选人名单提交全体委员会讨论。
We laid the issue before the committee.我们向委员会提出了这个问题。 ◇ 用于be ～ed 结构
The bill has been laid before the Congress.该议案已提交国会审议。
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lay by(v.+adv.)
储蓄,存留(备将来之用) save for future needs ▲lay sth ⇔ by
Every month he laid by fifty dollars out of his salary.每月他从薪水中存储50美元。
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lay down(v.+adv.) ▲lay sb/sth ⇔ down
1.放下;使躺下 put sth down;place in a lying position The enemy laid down their arms.敌人放下武器投降。 Lay the baby down gently.请将婴儿轻轻放下。
She laid herself down to rest for a while.她躺下稍稍休息一会儿。 He laid down his pen and picked up arms.他投笔从戎。 2.建造 build
We are going to lay down a new railway so as to carry the coal to the riverside.我们打算开始修建一条新铁路线,以便把煤运到江边。
They are laying down a nuclear submarine.他们正在建造一艘核潜艇。 We laid down a new railway.我们兴建了一条新铁路。 ◇ 用于be ～ed 结构
Several ocean-going ships are being laid down here.这里正在建造几艘远洋货轮。
3.规定,制定 impose;institute
You can't lay down hard and fast rules.你不能制定严格的规则。
The committee laid down rules about the size of tennis courts.委员会制定了关于网球场面积的规则。
The conference will lay down the proper measures and methods.会议将规定适当的措施和方法。
He has laid down a plan for the holidays.他制订了一个假期计划。 First they had to lay down a loan for the project.他们首先得为这项工程拟订一个贷款计划。
He has laid down certain conditions which you must follow.他规定了若干条你必须遵守的条件。
The teacher lays down the law about homework every afternoon.老师严格规定每天下午的功课。
The Act lays it down that no pension can be paid to anyone under the age of sixty unless he is disabled.法案规定,除残疾者外,任何不满60岁的人不得领取
养老金。
◇ 用于be ～ed 结构
Prices are laid down by the manufacturer.价格是由厂商规定的。
It was laid down that all applicants should sit a written examination.根据规定,所有申请者均应参加笔试。 4.放弃,牺牲 give up
Thousands upon thousands of martyrs have heroically laid down their lives for the people.成千上万的先烈为了人民而英勇地牺牲了。
This is a cause for which he is prepared to lay down his life.这是一项他愿为之献身的事业。
We are always ready to lay down our lives for our motherland.我们总是时刻准备着为国捐驱。
The old man has laid down his office to make way for a younger man.这位老人为给年轻人让贤,辞去了他的职务。
Those national heroes laid down their lives for the revolution.那些民族英雄为革命而献身。 ◇ 用于be ～ed 结构
Their lives have not been laid down in vain.他们并没有白白牺牲。 5.贮藏(尤指酒类) store (especially wine) for future use
Father laid down a few good bottles before the war.爸爸于战前贮藏了几瓶好酒。
6.出钱(买) pay
I laid down 200 yuan for this TV set.我花了200元买了这台电视机。 7.训斥,发号施令 dress down;give orders
His mother laid down the law when Jack came home late.因为杰克晚归,他妈妈狠狠地训斥了他。
Can't you talk to the kids?Don't always lay down the law to them.你不能和孩子们好好讲吗? 别总是发号施令。
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lay for(v.+prep.)
〈非正〉暗中等待(伺机攻击),埋伏着等待 hide and wait for in order to catch or attack ▲lay for sb/sth
They were laying for him in the dark, and when he went out of his car, they all fell upon him.他们乘黑暗等着他,他一下车,他们一起向他猛扑过去。 The bandits laid for him in the dark.歹徒们埋伏在暗处伺机攻击他。 ▲lay sth for sb
The hunter laid a trap for the tiger.猎人设置了陷阱捕捉老虎。
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lay in(v.+adv.)
贮存,储备 store;stock up ▲lay in with sth
Peter is laying in with good red wine for his wedding party.彼得正为他的结婚聚会储备红葡萄酒。
Mother is laying in with some peanuts for the Spring Festival.母亲正为春节准备一些花生。 ▲lay sth ⇔ in
She has laid in provisions against a shortage.她贮藏粮食以备短缺。 We usually lay in extra coal in case of emergencies.我们通常额外贮备一些煤,以备急用。
She bought many fresh eggs and preserved them in salted water, because she wanted to lay them in for her little son.她买了许多鲜蛋用盐水腌了起来,因为她想存起来给她的小儿子吃。 ◇ 用于be ～ed 结构
At the beginning of the winter supplies were laid in, in case heavy falls
of snow should block the road.为预防下大雪阻塞道路,在初冬人们就把生活必需品储备起来了。
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lay into(v.+prep.)
〈非正〉攻击 attack sb physically or verbally ▲lay into sb
He's frightened to stay out late in case his mother lays into him again.他很怕在外边呆得太晚,唯恐母亲又要把他痛打一顿。
At the committee meeting the experts laid into each other fiercely.在委员会会议上,专家们互相猛烈抨击。
The senator laid into the opponents of his bill.那位参议员抨击反对他的提案的人。
In a speech of about twenty minutes he laid into the Opposition.在大约二十分钟的发言中,他痛斥了反对党。
He laid into the defenders and scored a goal.他攻入守区并踢进一球。
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lay off(v.+adv.) 1.休息 rest ▲lay off
The doctor told me to lay off for a week.医生要我休息一周。
The teacher told him to lay off a couple of days.老师告诉他休息一两天。 2.停止做某种不快的事 stop doing sth unpleasant ▲lay off
I wish you would lay off!但愿你别再说别人不好了。 3.暂时解雇 dismiss temporarily
▲lay sb ⇔ off
Bill has not lost his job. His firm laid him off for two weeks.比尔并没有失业,他的公司让他停工两周。
In the economic depression the firm laid off some of their workmen.经济萧条时,公司临时辞退了一些工人。
The factory had to lay some workers off when its orders decreased.订货减少,那所工厂得解雇一些工人。 ◇ 用于be ～ed 结构
The work force has been laid off.工人们被辞退了。
Five hundred men were laid off when the factory closed after the fire.大火过后,这家工厂关闭了,500名工人被解雇。
There has been nothing to do since I got laid off.从我被解雇以来,我一直没活干。
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2
lay off(v.+prep.) ▲lay off sb/sth/v-ing
1.停止工作或活动 discontinue work or activity
The doctor advised me to lay off the cigarettes.医生建议我戒烟。 Lay off work for a few months or you'll have a nervous breakdown.停止几个月工作吧,不然的话,你的精神就支持不住了。
The doctor advised me to lay off smoking for a while.医生建议我一段时间内不要抽烟。
It's about time you laid off criticizing everything he does.该是你停止对他什么都批评的时候了。 Lay off hitting me.别打我了。
2.停止做某种不快的事 stop doing sth unpleasant Lay off me, will you!你别烦我了,好不好!
Lay off that girl!别缠着那个女孩子了。 Would you lay off that!别那么做了!
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lay on(v.+adv.) 1.猛打 strike violently ▲lay on
The soldiers laid on with a will.战士们开始猛烈地进攻。
Taking up a stick, he caught the boy and laid on vigorously.他操起一根棍子,抓住那男孩猛打。
2.安装(水、电、煤气等);提供(饭食等) supply (water, electricity, gas, etc.);provide (meals, etc.) ▲lay on
They all moved into apartments with water and electricity laid on.他们都搬进了装有水电的单元套房。
We have got a house with gas and water laid on.我们有了装有煤气和自来水的房子。
▲lay sth ⇔ on
The firm always lays on a special meal for the staff about Christmas.圣诞节前后,这家公司总是为全体职员供应一顿特殊的饭。 ◇ 用于be ～ed 结构
The telephone is laid on.电话已安装好了。 3.涂上(油漆等) apply a coat of (paint, etc.) ▲lay sth ⇔ on
They laid on two coats of paint.他们已涂了两层油漆。 She laid the paint on thickly.她浓浓地抹了一层脂粉。 4.征收 impose ▲lay sth ⇔ on
The government has laid on a new tax.政府已开征新税。 The firm is laying on higher prices.这个公司正在强行加价。 5.组织,安排 organize;make arrangement for ▲lay sth ⇔ on
I'll lay on a car tomorrow and have you run down to London.明天我安排一部车将你送到伦敦市内。
I laid on a party for his birthday.我为他的生日安排一个庆祝会。 ◇ 用于be ～ed 结构
Sightseeing tours were laid on for the distinguished visitors from China.给中国来的贵宾安排了旅游观光。
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2
lay on(v.+prep.) ▲lay sb/sth on sb/sth
1.将…放在…上 put sth on one side, especially for a short time
She laid her heavy case on the ground and took a rest.她把重箱子放在地上,休息了一会儿。
Lay it on the table.把它放在桌上。
She laid the clothes on a chair.她把衣服放在椅子上。 Lay the packages on the rack.把那些包裹放在行李架上。
She dressed the wounded soldier and laid him on a stretcher to be carried to the hospital.她给伤员包扎好,放在担架上以便送往医院。
He laid his hand on my shoulder in a friendly manner.他友好地把手放在我的肩上。
I didn't even lay my eyes on him.我连看也没有看他一眼。 2.强调,把…强加于某人 emphasize;stress
This dictionary lays special emphasis on usage of words.这本字典着重于讲词的用法。
He laid great stress on the word “unity”.他特别强调“团结”一词。 It's a mistake to lay too much emphasis on grades.过分看重分数是不对的。
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lay out(v.+adv.) ▲lay sb/sth ⇔ out
1.陈设,摆开 spread out ready for use
She laid out all her new clothes on the bed.她把自己所有的新衣服都摊开在床上。
◇ 用于be ～ed 结构
The goods for sale were attractively laid out.供出售的商品都陈列了出来,极引人注目。
2.设计 plan in detail;design
The architect laid out the interior of the building.建筑师完成了这幢建筑的内部设计。
The architect laid out plans for a park.设计师设计了一座公园。
The gardeners had laid out the grounds beautifully.园林工人把庭院布置得很美观。
A printed page is easy to read if you lay it out clearly.如果排版清楚,印刷页看起来就不费劲。
They showed us how to lay out a printed page.他们告诉我们如何安排版面。 ◇ 用于be ～ed 结构
The work for next week is all laid out.下周的工作都安排好了。
3.〈非正〉花钱,花力气 spend (especially a large amount of money, strength, etc.)
He has laid out all his strength and is weary.他使出了全部气力,非常疲倦。 She is always hard up because she doesn't lay out her money wisely.她总是缺钱花,因为她胡乱花钱。
He laid out all his gains in purchasing land.他把全部所得用来购置土地。 ◇ 用于be ～ed 结构
Her money is well laid out.她用钱精打细算。 4.〈非正〉击倒,打倒 knock or strike a person down With one blow he laid his attacker out.他一拳将攻击者打倒。
He hit Tom on the jaw and completely laid him out.他一拳打在汤姆下巴上,把他打翻在地。 ◇ 用于be ～ed 结构
One step further and you'll be laid out.你再往前一步,我就要把你打倒。 5.准备殡葬 prepare a body for burial
After his death his friends came to lay him out.他死之后,他的朋友们前来把他殓起来。
The undertaker laid out the corpse prior to burial.殡仪员做好尸体的殡葬准备。
◇ 用于be ～ed 结构
The bodies of the victims were to be laid out before their relatives were asked to identify them.在亲属被请来认尸以前,必须把这些遇难者的遗体殓好。
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lay to(v.+adv.)
(使)停泊 (cause to) come to anchor ▲lay to off sth
The ship lays to off the coast.这艘船停泊在海岸外面。 ▲lay sth to off sth
He laid the ship to off the coast.他把船停泊在海岸外面。
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lay up(v.+adv.) ▲lay sb/sth ⇔ up
1.放置不用 (of vehicles) take out of service
There's something wrong with this car;we have to lay it up.这辆汽车有毛病,我们只得停止使用。
Some people use their cars only in spring, summer and autumn, and lay them up in the garage during the winter.有些人只是在春天、夏天、秋天用车,在冬天则把车停在车库里。 ◇ 用于be ～ed结构
Ships are laid up, from time to time, for repairs.船只常常因不能使用而需要修理。
2.贮存,储蓄 store or save sth
They have laid up large supplies of food.他们已经贮存了大量食物。 He is just laying up a lot of trouble for himself.他在给自己添麻烦。 He has laid up some money.他积下了一些钱。
3.使(某人)呆在床上(或室内) cause sb to stay in bed or indoors The flu has laid him up for a few days.流感使他在床上躺了几天。
You'll lay yourself up if you go on like this.如果你这样继续下去的话,你就要病倒了。
◇ 用于be ～ed结构
He was laid up for four weeks with fever.他因发烧已经卧床4周。
The old man was laid up with his broken left leg.这位老人因左腿伤残而不得不卧床。
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lay with(v.+prep.)
用…铺设 cover (a surface) with sth ▲lay sth with sth
◇ 用于be ～ed结构
The floor of the entire house was laid with carpet.房子里地面都铺了地毯。 This road is laid with asphalt.这条路是用沥青铺的。
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· 句型例句
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用作不及物动词 ▲S+～(+A)
Are your hens laying well?你的母鸡下蛋多吗?
The hens are not laying well at the moment.现在这些鸡下蛋不多。
You can't feed a hen in the morning and expect it to lay in the afternoon.你不能期望上午喂鸡,下午就生蛋。 用作系动词 ▲S+～+adj.
He lays dead.他躺着快要死了。
The snow lays thick on the ground.雪厚厚地铺在地上。 Some books lay loose.一些书松开了。 The fallen leaves lay wet.落叶湿了。 The carpet lays smooth.毯子铺得很平整。 ▲S+～+v-ed
They lay scattered.他们散开了。 用作及物动词 ▲S+～+n.
Lay these pots along the verandas.把这些花盆沿走廊放。 We all helped her to lay supper.我们都动手帮她摆好晚餐。 Will you lay the table?你摆餐具好吗? Who will lay the linoleum?谁将铺设地板油毡?
The workers are laying the tracks.工人们正在铺铁轨。
Recently they have laid an underground pipeline.最近他们铺设了一条地下管道。
It was in winter that they dug trenches and laid the oil pipes.他们是在冬天挖沟铺设油管的。
This workman is able to lay bricks very quickly.这位工人能快速地铺砖。 He had laid the foundation of his future success.他已为未来的成功打下了基础。
The prisoners laid an escape plan.囚犯们制定出越狱计划。 He laid the design of the book.他已拟好该书的纲要。 The earthquake laid the city.地震把城市夷为平地。
The rain quickly laid the dust.雨水很快荡涤了空中飞扬的尘土。 Sprinkle water on the road to lay the dust.洒水于路上,以免灰尘飞扬。 His statement laid the rumor.他的声明澄清了这一谣言。 The hens lay eggs every day.这些鸡每天都下蛋。
Her hen lays an egg every other day.她的鸡隔天下一个蛋。
Last week they laid 30 eggs, but this week the hens aren't laying.上星期那些母鸡下了30个蛋,但本周没有下蛋。
The cuckoo lays its eggs in other birds' nests.杜鹃在别的鸟巢中产卵。 A turtle lays many eggs at one time.海龟一次生很多蛋。
Several months later, the larvae became fully grown and the adults began to lay eggs.几个月后幼虫长成成虫,开始产卵。
They lay this misfortune at your door.他们把这一不幸归咎于你。 ◇ 用于be ～ed结构
The country was laid in ruins.这个国家成了一片废墟。
The books have been lying here ever since they were laid here.这些书自放在这里之日起,一直在这里未动过。
A new submarine cable was laid from England to Holland.英国至荷兰间铺设了新的海底电缆。
A preliminary groundwork must be laid this year.今年要打好初步基础。
A few days after the eggs are laid, young frogs which are called tadpole come out of them.卵产下几天以后,称为蝌蚪的青蛙幼虫就从卵里出来了。
The scene of the story is laid in the old liberated areas in Jiangxi.这个故事以江西老解放区为背景。
Her fears were soon laid.她的恐惧很快平息了下来。 用作双宾动词
▲S+～+n./pron.+(that-)clause
I lay you he is wrong.我和你打赌,他错了。
I'll lay five pounds that you don't succeed.我出5英镑打赌,你不会成功。 He lays five dollars that she will not come.他赌五美元,她不会来。 I lay ten yuan Tom is wrong.我赌10元,汤姆错了。 用作宾补动词
▲S+～+n.+(to be) adj./v-ed
The enemy laid waste the whole area by fire.敌人纵火烧毁了整个地区。 I'll lay the plots open.我要揭发那阴谋。
Presently he laid the paper carefully folded across his knees and closed his eyes.不久他把这张报纸仔细对折好,放在膝盖上,合上了眼睛。 They laid bare the enemy's design.他们使敌人的计划暴露了。 ◇ 用于be ～ed结构
The trees were laid flat by heavy wind.树木被风刮倒了。 Crops were laid flat by heavy rainstorms.作物被暴风雨击倒了。 His head was laid open.他的头受伤了。
The mystery was soon laid bare.秘密很快被披露。
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· 词语辨异
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lay, place, put, set
这组词的共同意思是“放置”。其区别是：lay强调把某物放置或使某物处于水平位置;而set指使某物处于直立的位置;put强调把某物移进或移出某处或某位置,或使处于某种地位、情况或关系的动作;place则不强调动作,而强调某一确定的地点或情况。例如:
You placed me in a difficult position.你使我陷入了窘境。 I put the suitcase on the table.我把手提箱搁在桌上。
They were setting the table for dinner.他们正在摆餐具准备开饭。 lay, deposit
这两个词的共同意思是“放”“放置”。其区别是：
1.lay是指将某物平放、横放或摊开放;deposit含有安全保管的意味,并不强调以何种方式放。例如:
He laid mats on the floor.他把席子摊开放在地板上。
You can deposit your valuables in the hotel safe.你可以把贵重物品存放到旅馆的保险柜里。
2.lay和deposit的对象都可以指一般的东西,此时可互换。此外, deposit还可以指金钱、财物等贵重的或有某种价值的东西。例如:
He laid〔deposited〕 the books on the desk.他把书放在办公桌上了。 He's deposited quite a lot of money recently.他最近存入了不小的一笔钱。 3.deposit是正式用语;lay是一般用语。 lay, lie
lie的过去式与lay的现在式同形,故极易混淆,其实这两个词区别很大。lay是及物动词,意为“把…置于”,而lie是不及物动词,意为“躺着,平放,位于”。
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前者表动作,后者表状态。试比较以下两个句子： He laid his dictionary on the shelf. 他把词典放在书架上。
The dictionary is lying on the shelf. 那本词典放在书架上。
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· 正误解析
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1.一个职员把一张纸放在书桌上。 ［误］ A clerk laid a slip of paper.
［正］ A clerk laid a slip of paper on the desk.
［析］ lay作“放”解时,后面往往要跟一个表示地点的介词短语,否则意思不完整。
2.他喝醉了躺在大街上。
［误］ He was drunk and laid in the street. ［正］ He was drunk and lay in the street.
［析］ laid是lay(放置)的过去式和过去分词,而表示“躺”,应该说lie,它的过去式和过去分词分别是lay和lain。 3.玩具散放在地板各处。
［误］ The toys were laying about on the floor. ［正］ The toys were lying about on the floor.
［析］ lay是及物动词,表示“把…放(在某处)”。lie是不及物动词,表示“躺在(某处)”。应注意区别。
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· 补充资料
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［同义词］ bet, deposit, hazard, place, produce, put, risk, set, stake, turn out, wager
［词源］ ＜中古英语leyer ＜leyen(放)
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