英语音标发音规则表
一、元音字母在重读音节中的读音
元音字母 在开音节中 a 在闭音节中 在开音节中 e 在闭音节中 在开音节中 i 在闭音节中 [i] fish big drink sit milk swim [ai] bike fly drive time nice kite [e] bed let pen desk yes egg [i:] he these me Chinese [æ] bag dad hat map black back [ei] name plane Jane baby cake 读 音 例 词 .
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在开音节中 [ou] those close go hoe home no o 在闭音节中 clock not box shop sock [在开音节中 [ju:] ] student excuse duty Tuesday u 在闭音节中 bus cup jump much lunch [] 在开音节中,元音字母u在辅音字母j l r s后面时读[u:]音,例如:June blue ruler super .
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二、元音字母在非重读音节中的读音 元音字母 读 音 例 词 China a another woman breakfast [[i] ] orange comrade village cabbage e hundred student open weekend [] .
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[i] chicken pocket begin children holiday beautiful i family animal [[ai] ]/[i] exercise satellite o second tonight somebody welcome [] .
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also zero photo [u] autumn diffcult u [] popular [ju:] congratulation January 1 动词中的a如果处在开音节位置,a读[ei]音,例如:operate 2 u处在开音节位置, 又在辅音字母j l r s后面时,读[u(:)]音,例如:July influence February issue 在非重读音节中,许多单词中的元音字母a e i 即可以读作
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三、元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音 元音字母 读 音 ]音,也可以读作[i]音。
例 词 a在[w]音后面 want what watch wash quality [a在f n sk ph sp .
] after plant graph [α:] ask grasp glass fast father .
ss st th前 i在-nd -ld和gh前 o在-st -ld前 [ou] most postcard old cold [ai] find child light high o在m n v th前 come monkey love mother [
四、-r音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音 元音字组 ar ar在[w]音读 音 [α:] ] 例 词 car farm dark sharpener .
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后面 warm quarter towards [:] or or在[w]音后面 forty morning short [:] .
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word worker worse [:] certainly er ir ur bird Thursday [:] 辅音字母r双写时,前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音。例如: carry sorry hurry .
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-r音节在非重读音节常读[例如:dollar teacher martyr forget Saturday
五、-re音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音 元音字组 读 音 例 词 ]音,are care dare hare [ε] .
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ere here mere [i] ire fire hire wire [ai] .
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ore more score before [:] ure pure cure [ju] are ere ire ore很少出现在非重读音节中,ure在非重读音节中读.
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[]音,例如:picture pleasure 重读元音字母加Rr,再加非重读元字组时,重读元音字母应按-re音节拼读规则拼读,字母Rr读[r]音。例如:parent zero story during inspiring 某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象。例如:orange very American paragraph
六、元音字组在重读音节中的读音 元音字组 读 音 例 词 afraid ai/ay [ei] rain wait day play air hair air chair pair repair [ε] .
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small ball talk wall all al al在f m前 [] always also salt almost [[α:] :l] half calm .
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autumn au/aw daughter draw [:] teach [i:] easy cheap please ea [e] heavy bread sweater weather [ei] break great hear dear ear near clear year [i] .
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bear pear wear swear [ε] earth learn early [:] jeep week ee [i:] green three .
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eer pioneer deer beer [i] eight [ei] neighbour they [i:] either key new few ei/ey eu/ew在 j l r s后 [ju:] newspaper flew brew jewelry piece [u:] ie/ei[s]音之后 [i:] field receive oa [ou] coat Joan boat goal .
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roar oar/oor board door floor [:] noise oi/oy point boy toilet [i] broom [u:] food tooth school book look [u] cook foot good flower oo ou/ow [au] house count down .
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know row [ou] throw though young country enough [[u:] ] group you soup our course your four [:] .
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our hour ours [au] journey [:] fluid ui 在j l r s后 [ju:i] suicide tuition juice [u:] fruit suit
七、非重读音节中元音字组和字群的读音 元音字组.
读 音 例 词 .
或字群 ai/ay ei/ey [i] Sunday foreign monkey yellow ow [ou] sparrow tomorrow 元音字组在非重读音节中读[如:neighbour serious famous biscuit coffee ]音或[i]。例-sion -tion impression nation [n] .
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-sion在元音字母后 vision decision occasion [n] -tion在s后 question suggestion [.
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n] -sten -stle [sn] listen [sl] whistle -sure pleasure measure [.
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] -ture picture culture [.
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八、元字组在复合词非重读音节中的读音 复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号,但其中的元音字母或元音字组仍按重读音节拼读规则拼读。 例如: everyday[ei] handbag[æ]
blackboard[:] 有些词随着语言的发展,前后两部分已失去其单独存在的意义,融合成为一个词。其中的非重读部分要按非重读音节的读音规则发音。 例如: sun太阳 + day[ei]日子 > Sunday[i] 星期天 holy神圣 + day[ei]日子 > holiday[i] 假日 break中断 + fast[α:]斋戒 > .
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breakfast[ cup茶杯 + board] 早餐 木板[:] > .
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cupboard[
九、辅字组的读音 辅字组 读 音 [b] b [/] ] 碗柜 例 词 bike bus bag bomb tomb cake c c在e前或在i/y前 [k] picture coat music face [s] decide cinema .
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much chick rich teacher [] school ch [k] headache chemistry machine Chicago [] cock -ck [k] pocket black knock doctor d [d] bread hand day .
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-dge bridge fridge [] children dr- [dr] driver drink f [f] five four breakfast g g在e i/y前 bag gardon go [] .
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orange large German [[f] gh [/] ] cough enough light daughter high gu- -gue gu在非重读音节中 guess league dialogue [] .
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language anguish [w] hot head [h] house hand [/] hour honest h jeep jar j joke join July [] kind bike k [k] skate make week knife kn- [n] know knock l .
[l] life milk .
school tall monkey m [m] come autumn autumn -mn [m] column solemn [n] not shine ten note n n在[k] [g]音前 uncle thank hungry [] morning -ng young wrong [p .
] [p] paper plane pig .
ship pen elephant ph [f] photo telephone q qu- [k] [kw] Iraq quality quite red r [r] rubber ruler s在词首或清辅音前 元音字母间或浊辅音前 [sk] sc- [s] scarlet muscle science [z] music husband [s] sit sleep desk she fish sh shirt wash [t在通常情况下 [t] ] ten letter meet .
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在弱读字母ia ie io前 patient nation [] tch watch [th在通常情况下 [θ] ] thin thirty method .
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在冠词 代词 介词 连词中 在词尾-the -ther中 the these with than [] clothe father weather [] tree tr- [tr] train country truck very v [v] voice love leave week win w [w] wake sweet wait .
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[/] answer two what when white why who whose whole box text exercise examle wh- wh-在字母o前 [w] [h] x 在重读元音前 [ks] [gz] exist exact wr- [r] write yes yard y- [j] yellow young z
十、英语语音名词解释
[z] puzzle zero zoo 1.音节 以元音为主体构成的发音单位,一般说来元音发音响亮,可以构成音节,辅音发音不响亮,不能单独构成音节([m] [n] .
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[上看,有几个元字组就有几个音节。 ] [l]例外)。从单词拼写形式2.音节的划分 ①在两个音节的相邻处有两个辅字组时,一个辅字组属于前面的音节,一个属于后面的音节。 例如:let-ter mem-ber chil-dren daugh-ter ②在两个音节的相邻处只有一个辅字组时,如果前面音节里的元音是长音则辅字组属于后面一个音节,如果前面一个音节里的元音是短音,则辅字组属于前面一个音节。 例如:长音 pa-per stu-dent fa-ther ze-ro mo-tor far-ther 短音 sev-en stud-y moth-er ver-y mod-le weath-er 3.重读音节 单词中读音特别响亮的音节。用音标标记双音节、多音节词的读音时,应使用重读符号。单音节词多数是重读音节,标记读音时不需要使用重读符号。 4.开音节 ①绝对开音节:单个元音字母后面没有辅字组的重读音节。例如:no blue ba-by stu-dent se-cret. ②相对开音节:单个元音字母后面加单个辅音字母,再加一个不发音字母e构成的重读音节。例如:name these bike home ex-cuse. 5.闭音节 单个元音字母后面有辅字组(r w y 除外)且以辅字组结尾的重读音节。例如:bag egg fish not cup 6.双音节词重读规则 双音节词的第一个音节通常是重读音节。 例如:´stu-dent ´Chi-na ´sec-ond ´au-tumn in-´deed .
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含有a- be- de- re- in- ex- 等前缀的双音节词往往是在第二个音节上重读。双音节词的重读位置不会因增加前缀或后缀而发生改变。例如: a´bout be´fore ex´cuse re´pair for-´get-ful in-´ven-tor 7.多音节词重读规则 多音节词通常在倒数第三个音节重读。 例如:´el-e-phant con-grat-u-´la-tion 词尾有-ic或.
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-tion,-sion的词,在-ic或-sion,-tion前的一个音节上重读。例如:scien´tific im´pression ´nation
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