的副词
英语里有一些连接副词,这类具有连接作用的副词又叫做准连词。 besides 此外
I am too tired to go; besides, it's too late. 我很累不能去,此外,天色也晚了。 hence 因此
My mother is by herself; hence I must go home now. 我妈妈独自一人在家,因此我现在必须回去了。 meanwhile 与此同时
Mother went shopping; meanwhile I cleaned the house. 母亲去购物,与此同时我打扫房间。 moreover 此外
Bicycling is good exercise; moreover, it won't pollute the air.
骑自行车是一种很好的运动,此外,还不污染空气。 then 此外,还有
I was there; then there were my mother and father. 我在那儿,此外,我的爸爸妈妈也在那儿。 therefore 因此
I think; therefore I am. 我思故我在。 thus 因此
It's late, and thus you must go. 天晚了,因此你必须走。
下面来看几个连接副词在作副词和连词时的区别: However
however 作副词时,可位于形容词/副词之前:
You couldn't earn much, however hard you worked. 无论你干得多卖力,你都挣不了多少钱。
however 作连词时通常意为“但是”,可位于它所引导的从句之前或之后,或位于第一个词或短语之后:
I'll offer it to Tom. However, he may not want it. / He may not want it however. / Tom, however, may not want it. 我将提出把这个给汤姆,然而他可能不要它。
但提到两句意义相反的话时, however意为“但是/仍然/同样”: They hadn't trained hard, however ( / but / nevertheless / all the same) they won.
他们并没有刻苦训练,但/无论如何/仍然/同样获胜了。 Otherwise
otherwise 作为副词时常常位于动词之后:
It must be used in a well-ventilated room. Used otherwise it could be harmful.
必须在通风条件好的房间里使用。如不这样使用则可能是有害的。 otherwise 作连词时意为“要是不/否则”:
We must be early; otherwise we won't get a seat. 我们得早点去,否则我们就没有座位了。 在英语口语中,这里也可用or:
We must be early or(else)we won't get a seat. 我们得早点去,否则我们就没有座位了。
So
so 作程度副词,位于形容词/副词之前: It was so hot that... 天气太热了,因而…… They ran so fast that... 他们骑得太快了,因而……
so 作连词时位于它所引导的从句之前: Our cases were heavy, so we took a taxi. 我们的箱子太重了,所以我们要了辆出租车。 Still & Yet
still 和 yet 可作时间副词:
The children are still up. They haven't had supper yet. 孩子们还没上床睡觉/醒着。他们还没吃晚饭呢。
still 和 yet 作连词时位于它们所引导的从句之前。still 意为“虽承认某事/尽管如此”;yet 意为“不管,不顾/同样/尽管如此”。 It's raining; still I'd like to go. 天下着雨,尽管如此,我还是要去的。
They are ugly and expensive; yet people buy them. 它们既难看又昂贵,但人们还是买。
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