托福独立写作高级词汇替换-draft

高级词汇替换

satisfy= gratify (gratified her curiosity)

short= fleeting “fleeting passions of fantasy”

ephemeral (“There remain some truths too ephemeral to be captured in the cold pages of a court transcript or . . . opinion”)

scholarship= fellowship (be admitted to fellowship)

angry= enraged (be enraged at [by] sb.'s conduct，be enraged with sb.)

smelly= malodorous (The cellar will need to be cleared of several malodorous piles of garbage)

ugly= hideous (a hideous face, hideous conduct)

attractive= appealing (an appealing manner)

absorbing (Shell collecting can be so absorbing that you don’t notice the tide coming in )

diverse= miscellaneous (“My reading . . . had been extremely miscellaneous”)

disorder= disarray (The child had disarrayed the books. The troops were in disarray.)

chaos (The country descends into a economic chaos)

crazily= frantically (The little baby kicked frantically in the cradle)

rapid=

meteoric (a meteoric rise to fame)

ordinary= mundane (mundane chores, like washing dishes)

despite= notwithstanding (The teams played on, notwithstanding the rain.)

best= optimal (near optimal, time optimal)

sharp= acute (“a raw, chilling and psychologically acute novel of human passions reduced to their deadliest essence”)

unbelievable= inconceivable (an inconceivable victory against all odds.)

puzzle= perplex (perplex an issue, perplex a man with questions)

method= avenue (avenue to success)

famous= distinguished (distinguished guest, distinguished for diligence)

ancient= archaic (an archaic bronze statuette. archaic laws.)

decorate= embellish (a fanciful account that embellishes the true story.)

possible= feasible (looking for feasible ways)

so= consequently (His long illness and consequent absence put him far behind in his work.)

accordingly (You may arrange accordingly.)

rare= infrequent (infrequent oases in the desert.)

greedy= rapacious (human’s rapacious appetite for money)

hot= boiling (fainted because it was boiling hot; boiling mad over the mistake.)

dangerous= perilous (a perilous journey through hostile territory)

hazardous(a hazardous investment)

nowadays= currently

only= unique (the unique existing example of Donne's handwriting.)

distinctive (distinctive tribal tattoos. “Jerusalem has a distinctive Middle East flavor”)

stop= cease (“fold our wings,/And cease from wanderings”)

part= component n. adj.(Blade and handle are the component parts of a knife.)

result= consequence (an issue of consequence. take upon oneself the consequences. )

obvious= apparent (an apparent advantage.)

manifest (“Mercedes . . . manifested the chaotic abandonment of hysteria”)

based on= derived from (derive a conclusion from facts.)

quite= fairly(a fairly good dinner.)

pathetic= lamentable (a lamentable situation)

field= domain (the domain of the People's Repubulic of China)

appear= emerge (The truth emerged at the inquest.)

whole= entire (entire affection)

wet= moist (moist eyes)

damp (Their mother's illness cast a damp over the Christmas holidays.)

humid (humid air; a humid evening)

wrong= erroneous (erroneous conclusions.)

difficult= formidable (“Though a true hero, he was also a thoroughgoing bureaucrat and politician, a formidable combination”)

change= convert (was converted to pacifism by the war.)

typical= quintessential (“Liszt was the quintessential romantic)

careful= cautious (felt a cautious optimism that the offer would be accepted.)

prudent (be modest and prudent)

ability=

capacity (a capacity crowd at the concert. at full capacity)

capability (a student of great capabilities.)

strange= eccentric (an eccentric character)

rich= affluent (“the so-called emerging affluents”)

use= utilize (we must utilize all the tools at our disposal)

dubious=a dubious distinction. skeptical (a skeptical attitude; skeptical of political promises.)

hard-working= assiduous (an assiduous worker who strove for perfection. research)

difficult= assiduous

arduous (a long, arduous, and exhausting war.)

poor(soil)= barren (barren efforts. writing barren of insight.)

infertile (only parched, infertile fields remained after months of drought)

fragile= brittle The duchess, though well-known as a society hostess, conveyed an unmistakably brittle air.

vulnerable (“We are vulnerable both by water and land, without either fleet or army”)

show= demonstrate (demonstrated against tax hikes.)

big= massive (“Local defense must be reinforced by the further deterrent of massive retaliatory power”)

colossal (a colossal monument, in one's colossal ignorance)

tremendous (tremendous applause)

avoid= shun (Materialists face truth, whereas idealists shun it.)

fair= impartial (impartial justice)

attack= assault (make a surprise assault on)

assail (was assailed by doubts.)

dislike= abhor (“The problem with Establishment Republicans is they abhor the unseemliness of a political brawl”)

loathe (loathe the sight of food)

ruin= devastate (A long war devastated Europe.)

always= invariably (invariably noisy quarrels)

forever= perpetual (a treaty of perpetual friendship.)

immutable (immutable to change)

surprise= startle (startle sb. out of one's wits)

astound (astound and bewilder sb)

astonish (The news astonished everybody.)

enthusiasm= zeal (show zeal for one's work)

fervency (the guest soloist was able to infuse the familiar hymn with a moving fervency)

quiet=

tranquil (a tranquil life in the country)

serene (serene skies and a bright blue sea.)

expensive= exorbitant (exorbitant prices.)

luxurious= lavish (The critics were lavish with their praise.)

sumptuous (“He likes big meals, so I cook sumptuous ones”）

boring= tedious (a tedious story accompaning a serpentine narrative mechanism)

respect= esteem (hold sb. in high esteem. In their esteem, the bill was worthless.)

worry= fret (“fret thy soul with crosses and with cares”)

cold= chilly (a chilly story, chilly politeness)

icy (an icy welcome)

important= crucial (at the crucial moment)

significant (no significant opposition)

common= universal (“This discovery of literature has as yet only partially penetrated the universal consciousness”)

ubiquitous (“plodded through the shadows fruitlessly like an ubiquitous spook”)

abundant= ample (an ample living room, ample evidence)

plentiful (Gasoline won’t always be cheap and plentiful)

stick= adhere (adhere to the original plan)

cling (clinging to outdated customs.)

neglect= ignore (ignore reality to pursue roc’s egg)

near= adjacent (be adjacent to)

adjoin (property that adjoins ours.)

pursue= woo (woo fame and fortune. woo one's own destruction)

seek (Water seeks its own level. Seek prestige and privilege)

accurate= precise (at that precise moment. “The setting up of this Maypole was a lamentable spectacle to the precise separatists that lived at New Plymouth”)

exact (an exact replica ,a harsh leader who exacts obedience.)

vague= obscure (“an impulse to go off and fight certain obscure battles of his own spirit”. His success obscured his failures.)

top= peak (a novel written at the peak of the writer's career.)

summit (a summit conference)

competitor= rival (“They achieved more than they had ever dreamed, lending a magic to their family story that no tale or ordinary life could possibly rival”)

opponent (“two men, one . . . a zealous supporter and the other a zealous opponent of the system pursued”)

blame= condemn (condemned the needless waste of food.)

opinion=

perspective (“It is useful occasionally to look at the past to gain a perspective on the present”)

standpoint (From an economic standpoint, this policy is sound)

fame= prestige (a position of prestige in diplomatic circles.)

reputation (a reputation for courtesy.)

build= erect (an erect posture. erect a skyscraper.)

establish (establish goodwill in the neighborhood.)

insult= humiliate (The country was humiliated by defeat.)

complain= grumble (“The governed will always find something to grumble about”)

primary=

radical (radicals seeking to overthrow the social order.)

fundamental (a book that underwent fundamental revision.)

relieve= alleviate (a drug that alleviates cold symptoms.)

force= coerces into (coerced the strikers into compliance)

compel (“The land, in a certain, very real way, compels the minds of the people”)

enlarge= magnify (You have grossly magnified a trivial situation.)

complex= intricate (an intricate plot)

Lonely= solitary (solitary pursuits such as reading and sewing.)

small= minuscule (chemical is harmless in minuscule amount)

minute held a minute inspection of the grounds.

praise= extol (the health benefits of exercise are widely extolled)

compliment (A sincere compliment boosts one's morale.)