对土建工程施工组织设计管理研究外文文献

engineering construction

Abstract: This article mainly carries on the analysis and the research to the civil ngineering construction organization design management, hoped for our country Civil engineering construction enterprises to provide useful suggestions.

Key words: Civil Engineering; construction organization; design management

At present, China's entire social system and civil engineering construction nterprises are in continuous development, and enterprises still have many problems in construction management, affecting the normal operation of construction enterprises on-site construction work. Only a detailed analysis of these problems, find the causes of the problems, to put forward the countermeasures, in order to facilitate the construction of the day in an antidote against the disease, reducing .Less contradiction. The following will be a detailed study of the civil engineering construction organization design management.

1. analysis of the importance of civil engineering construction

organization design management

Strengthening can enhance the construction conditions of the civil engineering construction organization design and management, according to the construction schedule in advance for unified planning and arrangements, to ensure the smooth construction of the project and the normal day after put into use. The construction, organization, design and management of the project can be strengthened, and some situations in the project can be predicted in advance, so as to establish relevant protective measures, so as to create better conditions for the construction of the project. In addition, to strengthen the management of construction organization design, the design and construction of various elements of the project can be unified arrangements and integration, for the future construction of the site to lay the foundation. In addition, it can better promote and coordinate the work between construction units and other units. The construction organization design and management level is not only a true reflection of objective reality, but also can obtain

the application and implement in construction, so as to ensure the normal operation of the construction project, and achieved better effect, create economic benefits for enterprises.

2. civil engineering construction organization design management

present situation analysis

2.1 the problems existing in the process implementation

At present, China's construction market is in the process of continuous development and improvement, the establishment of relevant systems is not perfect, and still needs continuous improvement. In the construction organization design specific implementation of the main problems include: first, did not correctly deal with the length of construction period and the quality of the project and the relationship between security. Most of the time the construction unit to complete the project within the stipulated time, as compared to the duration of the project, but the quality of the project is not very seriously, even some time to rush period, the construction units for the construction personnel to work overtime, ignore the security personnel and adequate rest. The relationship between the right people can't handle project quality and the construction technology management personnel and engineering departments, do not establish credibility for the technical quality management personnel, once the engineering quality problems, will all the blame for the technical quality management personnel, the technical management personnel appear negative emotions. The individual unit leaders always have the luck of quality and safety problems, and they think there will be no quality and safety problems, but in fact, quality and safety problems often occur. The reason why there will be such a problem, because the relationship between the construction units to the construction period, quality and safety are not processed, simply pursue the economic interests of the enterprise, not according to the construction organization design requirements, but take it as a decoration, to cope with the job. In fact, the three itself is closely related to quality management efforts must be on the project cost, but also increased the difficulty of construction, this will inevitably affect the length of construction period. Therefore, many units in order to reduce construction costs and shorten the construction period, we can only reduce the quality management requirements. For

the long-term development of the enterprise, the construction unit should correctly handle the relationship between the three, so as to achieve relatively perfect management measures.

2.2 technical staff capacity issues

With the rapid development of the national economy, the petrochemical industry began to develop gradually, which brought more favorable conditions for construction enterprises, and also expanded the scale of construction units. But in fact, the technical management level of construction units has not kept pace with the development of the times. Technical staff of professional ability has an important influence on the establishment and implementation of construction organization design, many enterprises in order to meet the construction needs, give managers a multitasker, making the management of mental and physical exhaustion, coupled with the construction of a large part of the staff did not undergo professional training to participate in the construction of the building in the project, can not guarantee the quality. The construction of the project involves a variety of construction techniques, requiring the staff involved in the construction to have a strong Professional ability and technical level, so as to provide better quality guarantee for construction in construction. But on the current situation, it is difficult to carry out capacity training and quality improvement for engineers and technicians in a short period of time. It can not be completed overnight. Therefore, enterprises must step up professional training for engineers and ensure that they have professional qualifications for construction.2.3 problems in documentation The construction organization design in the current lack of pertinence, first of all, due to the technical personnel of the lack of professional knowledge and lack of experience, resulting in the preparation of technical measures in detail, while others neglected, usually take the method of copy, not according to the actual situation of engineering to prepare. Secondly, in the process of compiling, the staff did not make a detailed study of the scene and drawings, so that the content of the preparation was not practical and lacked pertinence. In addition, many of the construction organization design is designed to cope with the inspection. Because our construction law expressly provides that the construction units in the construction must be prepared to guide the construction of

the construction organization design. It is because of this policy makes many of the units in order to rush period, as soon as possible to meet the requirements of construction, pay close attention to all the time the organization staffing, but sometimes the time is urgent, the design document is incomplete, which makes the construction organization become a decoration.

3. civil engineering construction organization design management

problems solving countermeasures

In civil engineering, the construction organization design management can realize the comprehensive analysis and design of civil engineering, and it is also an important guidance document in construction. To improve the work of construction organization design can not only give full play to the internal potential, but also can create better for the construction of the economic and social benefits, to help enterprises gain a firm foothold in the fierce competition in the market environment.

3.1 correctly handle the relationship between duration, quality and safety

The relationship between the processing time, the right to quality and safety, both leaders and staff should establish a unified goal and thought. In the process of construction organization, we should strictly comply with the requirements of the construction organization design, each step strictly comply with the system requirements. At the same time, under the premise of guaranteeing the construction period of the construction unit, the quality is strictly controlled, and safety management is carried out. You can't just watch the heavy industry and ignore the quality of the project. Not to rush period and increase the labor intensity of workers, this will only make the emergence of security issues. In addition, the construction unit leaders should conscientiously implement the project construction organization design requirements, the quality of the project can not be reduced or mobilized, nor can we ignore the safety technical aspects of the capital investment.

3.2 improve the overall quality of construction personnel

The development of an enterprise, whether it is construction or management part needs to have high quality management personnel, management personnel and so the construction organization design of civil engineering, only has a highly skilled,

high-quality personnel, in order to ensure the quality and safety of construction projects fundamentally. To enhance the overall quality of construction personnel, the first thing to do is to increase the management system of enterprise personnel, both in the system or in the follow-up implementation process should be strengthened management. At the same time should be appropriate to improve the management of wages, treatment on the promotion of staff can effectively enhance the work of enthusiasm, so as to work harder in the post struggle. In addition, efforts should be made to strengthen the training and assessment of the quality of personnel within enterprises and encourage them to actively join in the construction of the line. Through a variety of professional skills training or knowledge seminars, etc., so that staff can understand the relevant legal knowledge and industry regulations, and enhance the overall quality of staff.

3.3 construction organization design management

First of all, the construction enterprises can not copy ready-made provisions in the management of construction organization design, major problems and coping in building factors were clearly marked, and a brief introduction to the operating method of the project. Secondly, we should work out a more specific construction plan, which should clearly indicate the progress of the project requirements, but also should be related to the quality of staff and construction techniques and other related suggestions. Again, should highlight the construction content, construction organization design, should carries on the detailed analysis of the construction of the main project, because the main construction of the project quality, safety and progress have obvious effect. In addition, the construction of the adverse circumstances may be analyzed and predicted, the establishment of emergency measures system to ensure the smooth construction of the project.

3.4 strengthen supervision system

Construction units should constantly strengthen the construction of enterprise systems, in strict accordance with national standards and regulations to improve the internal management system. In the process of construction site supervision, site construction personnel should be in accordance with the requirements of the construction organization design, consciously fulfill their duties, not because of the

pressure of the owners to reduce the quality of the project requirements. In addition, attention should be paid to the construction period, safety and quality of the relationship between the three, supervision, attention to the safety of construction personnel, good coordination between departments, as far as possible to create better conditions for construction.

4. conclusion

There are many factors that affect the design management of civil engineering construction organization, facing the constantly changing requirements of management object and management, only to strengthen the preparation of construction organization design attention, to make the construction organization design should play their own utility in engineering, at the same time for the project to improve the quality and the economic development of enterprises to create better benefits. In the construction, to overcome all difficulties, strictly abide by laws and regulations, and through reasonable design and standardized construction to enhance the enterprise's core competitiveness, and help enterprises stand firm in the market.

对土建工程施工组织设计管理研究

摘要：本文主要对土建工程施工组织设计管理进行了分析和研究，希望为我国 的土建施工企业提供有益的建议。

关键词：土建工程 施工组织设计 管理

当前我国整个的社会制度和土建施工企业都处于不断发展之中，企业在施工管理中仍然存在着许多的问题，影响着施工企业现场施工工作的正常运行。只有对这些问题进行详细的分析，找到出现问题的原因，才能对此提出解决的对策，以便于在日后的施工中对症下药，减

少矛盾的出现。下面将对土建工程施工组织设计管理进行详细的研究。

1.土建工程施工组织设计管理的重要性分析

土建工程施工组织设计管理工作的强化能全面提升工程的施工条件，通过对施工进度预先进行统一的计划和安排，以保证日后工程的顺利施工和正常投入使用。对工程的施工组织设计管理工作强化，能对工程中的一些情况进行提前预测，从而建立起相关的防护措施，为工程的施工创造更好的条件。此外，加强施工组织设计管理工作，能够将设计和施工等工程中的各种要素进行统一的安排和整合，为以后的现场施工工作奠定基础。此外，还能更好地促进和协调施工单位与其他单位部门之间的工作。施工组织设计管理的水平不仅是客观实际的真实反映，而且能够在施工中得到切实的应用和执行，从而真正的保证工程施工的正常进行，并取得较好的实施效果，为企业创造经济利益。

2.土建工程施工组织设计管理现状分析

2.1 过程实施中存在的问题

当前我国的建筑市场正处于不断发展和完善的过程，相关制度建立不够完善，仍然需要不断的改进。在施工组织设计具体实施方面存在的问题主要包括: ①没有正确的处理好施工工期长短与工程质量和安全之间的关系。很多时候施工单位为了在规定时间内完成工程，就比较重视工程的工期问题，反而对工程的质量不是很重视，甚至有的时候为了抢工期，施工单位要求施工人员加班，忽视了人员的安全问题以及足够的休息时间。②不能正确的处理项目技术质量管理人员与施工人员以及工程部门之间的关系，没有做好为技术质量管理人员树立威信的

工作，一旦出现工程质量问题，就将全部的责任推卸给技术质量管理人员，使得这些技术管理人员出现消极情绪。③个别的单位领导对质量和安全问题总是抱有侥幸心理，认为不会出现质量和安全问题，但事实上质量和安全问题经常会发生。之所以会出现这样的问题，是因为施工单位对工期、质量和安全三者之间的关系没有处理好，只是单纯的追求企业经济利益，没有根据施工组织设计的要求实施，而是把它当作摆设，应付差事。其实这三者之间本身就有着密不可分的关系，要想对质量管理加大力度就一定要对工程的成本投入提升，同时也加大了施工难度，这必然会影响到施工工期的长短。因此，很多单位为了减少施工成本，缩短施工工期，就只能在质量管理上降低要求。为了企业的长远发展，施工单位应正确的处理三者之间的关系，以便于达成比较完善的管理措施。

2.2 技术人员的能力问题

随着国民经济的快速发展，石化工业开始逐渐的发展起来，为建筑施工企业带来了更多的有利条件，同时也使施工单位的规模得到了扩大。但实际上施工单位的技术管理水平却一直没有跟上时代发展的脚步。技术人员的专业能力对工程施工组织设计的编制与实施有着重要的影响，现实中很多企业为了满足施工需要，让管理人员身兼数职，使得管理人员身心疲惫，再加上有很大一部分的施工人员并没有经过专业的培训就参与到施工建设中，使得工程的质量难以得到保障。工程施工中包含着多种施工技术，要求参与施工的工作人员要具有较强的 专业能力和技术水平，以便于在施工中更好的为工程提供质量保障。但就当前的情况来看，想要在短时间内对工程技术管理人员进行能力培训和素质提升有着一定的难度，并非一朝一夕就能完成的。因此，企业一定要加紧对工程人员的专业培训，并保证其有专业资格进行施工。

2.3 文件编制中存在的问题

当前的施工组织设计编制中缺乏针对性，首先，由于技术人员的专业知识缺失和经验不足，导致在技术措施编制上比较细致，而对其他方面则比较忽视，通常采取照搬照抄的方法，没有结合工程的实际情况来进行编制。其次，编制的过程中工作人员并没有对现场情况和图纸进行详细研究，使得编制出的内容不够切实，缺少针对性。此外，很多的编制施工组织设计只是为了应付检查。因为我国建筑法中明文规定，施工单位在进行施工之前一定要编制指导施工的施工组织设计。正是因为这样的规定使得不少的单位为了抢工期，尽快的满足施工要求，抓紧一切时间组织人员编制，但有的时候时间紧迫，设计文件也不全，从而使得编

制施工组织成为了摆设。

3.土建工程施工组织设计管理问题的解决对策

土建工程中施工组织设计管理能实现对土建工程的综合性分析和设计，同时也是施工中的重要指导文件。对施工组织设计工作的完善不但能充分地发挥出企业内部的潜能，同时也能为工程施工创造更好的经济效益和社会效益，帮助企业在激烈的市场竞争环境中站稳脚跟。

3.1 正确处理工期、质量和安全之间的关系

要想正确的处理工期、质量和安全三者之间的关系，无论是领导还是工作人员都应建立起统一的目标和思想。在进行施工组织的过程中，大家应严格的按照施工组织设计要求，每一个步骤都严格的遵守制度要求。同时在保证建设单位的施工工期要求前提下对质量进行严格的控制，并做好安全管理。绝对不能只看重工期而忽视工程质量。更不能为了抢工期而加大工人的劳动强度，这样只能使安全问题不断的出现。此外，施工单位的领导应认真履行执行项目施工组织设计要求，不能对工程的质量随意降低或者调动，也不能忽视对安全技术方面的资金投入。

3.2 提升施工人员整体素质

一个企业的发展中，无论是施工部分还是管理部分都需要有高素质的管理人才，土建工程施工组织设计的管理人员也是如此，只有拥有高技能、高素质的人才，才能从根本上保证工程建设的质量和安全。提升施工人员的整体素质，最先要做到的就是加大企业人才的管理制度，无论是制度还是后续的实施过程中都应加强管理。同时应适当的提升管理人员薪资待遇，待遇上的提升能有效的提升工作人员的工作积极性，从而更加努力的在岗位上奋斗。此外，加大企业内部的人员素质培训和考核的力度，鼓励人员积极的加入到一线的施工当中去。通过各种专业技能培训或者知识讲座等方式，让工作人员能对相关的法律知识和行业规定有所了解，提升员工的整体素质。

3.3 施工组织设计管理

首先，企业在施工组织设计管理中不能照抄现成的施工规定，应对建筑中的主要问题和影响因素等进行清楚地标明，同时对工程的操作方法进行简要概述。其次，应该制定出比较具体的施工计划，其中应明确的标明工程进度要求，同时也应对员工的素质和施工技术等提出相关建议。再次，应突出施工作业的内容，工程施工组织设计中，应该对工程的施工主体进行详细的分析，因为主体施工对

工程的质量、安全和进度都有着明显的影响。此外，还应对施工中可能出现的不利情况进行分析和预测，建立起应急措施体系，保证工程的顺利施工。

3.4 加强监理制度

建设单位应不断的加强企业制度建设，严格按照国家的标准和规定来完善内部管理制度。在施工现场监理的过程中现场施工人员应该按照施工组织设计的要求，自觉履行自身职责，不能因为业主的压力而降低对工程质量的要求。此外，应重视施工工期、安全和质量三者之间的关系监督，重视施工人员的安全问题做好各个部门之间的协调工作，尽量为施工创造更好的条件。

4.结束语

对土建工程施工组织设计管理造成影响的因素有很多，面对不断变化的管理对象和管理要求，只有不断加强对施工组织设计编制的重视，才能使施工组织设计在工程中发挥出自身应有的效用，同时为工程质量提升和企业经济发展创造更好的效益。在施工中要克服一切困难，严格遵守法律法规，并通过合理的设计和规范的施工来提升企业的核心竞争力，帮助企业在市场中站稳脚跟。