分析句子成分的技巧
英语中有两种基本结构:主谓宾结构和主系表结构。分析句子成分时,大家记住:
先找主谓宾,再找定状补
1. 一个正常的句子必须有主语和谓语。主语是句子的“话题”,谓语是句子的“灵魂”。
谓语由动词构成,是英语时态、语态变化的主角,一般在主语之后。
2. 句子的成分从谓语动词处来划分比较容易。谓语动词前面的部分是主语,后面常接
宾语,修饰谓语动词的是状语,修饰主语、宾语的是定语,若谓语是系动词,则系动
词后的部分是表语。
如: I am a teacher. 其中,I 是主语,am是谓语,a teacher 是表语。
He likes playing football very much. 其中,he是主语,likes是谓语,playing football
是宾语,very much是状语。
3. 状语的位置比较灵活,可放在句首,句中或句尾。如:
When I called on her, she was playing the piano. (句首)
He likes playing football very much. (句尾)
I have never been there before. (句中)
4. 表语放在系动词之后。
如:I am a teacher. 其中,a teacher就是表语 The soup tastes delicious.
表语和宾语区别:
1. 从定义上区分,动作的对象为宾语;表性质和特征的为表语。
2. 可根据动词判断,实意动词后的为宾语,系动词后的为表语。
定语和状语区别:
定语用来修饰名词或代词;状语用来修饰动词,形容词或全句定语翻译为“…的”
状语翻译为“…地”
如
The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.
To do today’s homework without the teacher’s help is very difficult.
I don’t like the picture on the wall.
The days get longer and longer when summer comes.
My brother hasn’t done his homework.
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