高三英语
（本试卷满分140分，考试时间120分钟）2020.05
I.ListeningComprehension
SectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.Inahospital.C.Inakindergarten.2.A.Improvinghercookingskills.C.Havingapicnic.3.A.Supportive.C.Indifferent.4.A.InJanuary.C.DuringChristmasseason.5.A.Thefoundationofthetheatre.C.Theremovaloftheseats.6.A.ItcanhelptofindthepatientseasilyB.Itcanrecordpatients'conditions.C.Itgivespatientsmedicaladvice.D.Itmakesrecordsavailabletodoctorsandnurses.7.A.Hedoesn'twanttodraw.B.Hepreferstomakethelabordivisionhimself.C.Heisgoodatdrawing.D.Heishappybecausehedoesn'thavetodraw.8.A.Thekeytothewoman'ssuccess.B.Thechangesonthemarket.C.Themanagementofthewoman'scompany.D.Thefeelingofbeingamanager.9.A.Topaintthedoors.C.Tocontinuehisjob.B.Topainttheceiling.D.TotakethejobhomeB.Inaschool.D.Inatouristoffice.B.TastingthefoodmadebyTom.D.ShowcasinghertalentstoTom.B.Hesitant.D.Disapproving.B.Untilwintervacation.D.Rightnow.B.Achangetothetheatre.D.Thefigureoftheaudience.10.A.Becausesheisaccustomedtothefoodthere.B.Becausethefoodisbettertherethanattheschooldininghall.C.Becauseitisaquietplace.D.Becausetheycan'tgototheschooldininghall.SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation,andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthepassagesandtheconversation.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.11.A.Factorsdeterminingintelligence.C.Theimportanceofintelligence.12.A.Becauseonlyonecouldentercollege.B.Becausetheywereabandonedbytheirparents.C.Becausetheirparentsdiedwhentheywereonlybabies.D.Becausethepsychologistsdidanexperimentresearchinghumanintelligence.13.A.Johngotabettereducationthanhisidenticalbrother.Peter.B.Childrengrowingupinwealthyfamiliesaresmarter.C.Environmentisimportanttothedevelopmentofone'sintelligence.D.Anisolatedcommunityhasmoreeducationalopportunities.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.14.A.Unwrappinganewalbum.C.Enteringanewly-purchasedhouse.15.A.ItisnicetosharetheaccountonAmazon.B.Thesharingeconomymakesfulluseofcars.C.Consumersconsiderownershipmoreimportantthanaccess.D.Thesharingeconomymakesclearrelationshipbetweenconsumersandproducts.16.A.Thesharingeconomydevelopscarmanufacturing.B.Itisgoodforenvironmenttoincreasetheusageofgoods.C.Thesharingeconomyreshapesthemarketandbenefitspeople.D.Inthesharingeconomy,companiesbridgethegapbetweenpeopleandresources.Questions17and18arebasedonthefollowingconversation.17.A.Products.C.Coffeemakingtechniques.18.A.Shemadeaquestionnaire.B.Shetalkedwithcustomers.C.ShewroteahandbookfortheemployeesD.SheappliedforajobatStarbucks.19.A.Customersareespeciallyconcernedabouttheserviceofacafe.B.Themoreexpensivethecoffeebeansandmilk,thebetterthecoffeeis.C.Customerswantmorevarietiesofcoffee.B.Locations.D.Staffquality.B.Havinganewly-boughtcar.D.Havingaccesstoanonlineaccount.B.Astoryofidenticaltwins.D.HowtogetahigherIQ.D.Customersrelyonthebrandimagewhentheyaremakingchoices.20.A.Becausethemanualwillbethelatestversion.B.Becauseitwilltellcustomersdetailedproductinformation.C.Becauseitincludesimportantpoliciesandprocedures.D.Becauseemployeesenjoyreadingit.II.Grammarandvocabulary
SectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.AbanondistractedwalkingYoucan’twalkdownthestreetwithoutpassingso-called“smart-phonezombies（僵尸）.”Theyaretooabsorbedintheirscreen(21)_________(watch)wheretheyaregoing.Almostfourintenpeopleadmithavingsufferedatechnology-relatedsmallaccident(22)_________theypaymoreattentiontotheirelectronicdevicethantothepavement.NowthecityofHonolulu,Hawaii,hasdecidedit’stimetotakeimmediateactionandmakeitillegaltocrosstheroadwhileusingamobilephone.Those(23)_________(catch)usingphones,tabletsorotherelectronicdevicesatcrossingpointscouldfaceafineofupto$100.HonoluluisthefirstmajorU.S.citytoban(24)_________iscalled“distractedwalking.”Itcomesafterastudyfoundthere(25)_________(be)morethan11,000injuriesintheUnitedStatesresultingfromphone-relateddistractionwhilewalkinginthepastfewyears.Toexplainthedecision,mayorKirkCaldwellsaid,“Weholdtheunfortunatehonorofbeingamajorcity(26)_________morepedestriansarehitincrosswalksthanalmostanyothercityinthecountry.”Underthefinesystems.(27)_________breaksthislawforthefirsttimewillgetafineof$15to$35.Peoplebreakingthelawforasecondorthirdtimewillgeta$99fine.Thelaw,whichiscalledtheDistractedWalkingLaw,doespermitanexception.Pedestrians(28)_________usesuchdevicesinthestreettocallemergencyservicesandrescueworkers,suchasfirefightersandpoliceofficers.Ifyoustillwanttotextwhilewalking,youcouldavoid(29)_________(fine)inHonolulubyusingavoice-controlleddigitalassistantsuchasSiriorGoogleAssistant.Oryoucouldjustwait(30)_________youareagain,safely,offthestreet.SectionBDirections:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.parentalG.financialB.balanceC.declinedI.listingD.depositJ.deliberatelyE.downloadedK.purchasesF.engagingH.immediatelyGivingkidsallowancesinthesmart-phoneAllowancesareaconstant.Nomatterhowmuchtechnologyinterfereswiththeparent-childrelationship,kidsstillwantmoneyandparentsstillwanttoimpart（赋予）abasicworkethic.Butputtingstickersonchore（日常事务）chartsanddroppingcoinsinpiggybanksdon’tcutitwiththesmart-phonegeneration.Parentsinsearchofmore_____31_____waystoteachchildrenthevalueofmoneyareturningtoallowance-trackingapps,wherekidscanseetheir______32______riseandfallinrealtime.BonnieKoon,amotherofthreeinCrawfordville,Fla.,usedtopostacalendaronherrefrigerator_____33______herkidschores,totheembarrassmentofher16-year-oldtwins.AfterseeingaFacebookadfortheappGreen-light,she____34_____it.Green-lightlinkstoparents’bankaccountssothatthepayoutcanbeseamless.Parentscanencouragesavingbypayinginterestonthemoneythatisn’tspent____35____--interestoutoftheparents’ownpockets,ofcourse.It’sthefirsttasteof____36____freedomformanykids,andit’ssetinarelativelysafeenvironment.Parentscandeterminespendinglimitsandchoosetheretailers（零售商）whereachildcanmake_____37_____.Ifachildattemptstobuysomethingatanunapprovedstoreortospendmorethanthelimit,thetransaction（交易）is_____38_____andparentsgetanotification.Andifakidlosesthecard,parentscanimmediatelycancelitfromtheapp.OneofMs.Koon’stwins.Brenna,worksparttimeatarestaurant.She’sputtinghalfofherpaycheckintoacar-insurancesavingsfundshesetupintheapp,whitthegoalofsaving$450byJuly.Witheach_____39______,theappgivesBrennaaprogressupdate.Someparentsmightworrythatrelyingonappstogetkidstodochoresonlyencouragesthemtobeontheirphonesmore.Butparentswhohavechosenthisapproacharguethattheyaremeetingtheirkidswheretheyareandthatittakesthe_____40_____nagging（唠叨）outoftheequation.Thereal-timelookattheiraccountsmakestheconceptsofsavingandspendingmoretangiblethanreviewingabankstatement.III.ReadingComprehension
SectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.IfyouliketotakeawalkinthewoodsintheUnitedStatesoryouprefertodecorateatreeatChristmas,youshouldknowthatclimatechangeismakingbothofthoseactivitiesalotmore____41____.Lookingattwo____42____andeconomicallyimportantspecies--theDouglasfirandthePonderosapine--scientistsfoundthatfiresanddrought_____43_____byclimatechangemakenewgrowthdifficult,especiallyinlow-elevationforests,accordingtoastudypublishedMondayintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences.SomeforestsinfourregionsinCalifornia,Colorado,theNorthernRockiesandthesouthwesternpartoftheUnitedStateshavecrossed“a(n)____44____climatetipping（转折）pointforpost-firetreegeneration,”thestudysays.Climateconditionsoverthepast20yearshave_____45_____changesthatwouldhavetakendecadesorevencenturiesto____46____acrossbroadregionsofthecountry.Thisisleadingtothesudden_____47_____oftreesandmakingtheselandsincreasinglyunsuitablefortreeregeneration.“Climatechangesis_____48_____ourforestsnow,notjustinsomedistantfuture.Maybeinareaswheretherearereally_____49_____seedsources,therecouldbesometrees,butitisbecomingreallyhardtogetthesetreesbackduetoclimatechange,”saidstudyco-authorKimDavis.Theproblemprobablywon’tgetanybetter,asclimatechangeismakingintensewildfiresmuchmore_____50_____.Westernforesterssaythereusedtobeafireseason.Butdevastatingand____51____fireshavebecomearealityallyearlong.In2018,firecostCaliforniamorethan$9.05billion,accordingtotheUSAinsurancecommissioner,thedeadliestandmostdestructivewildfiresseasoninthe______52______history.Ahighernumberoffiresandlowseedavailabilitymeansahighprobabilitythatthesetreesintheseregionswon’tcomeback,Davissaid.Thisstudy_____53______onthedriestandhottestareasoftheWesternforests,butresearcherswillnexttrytofocusonhowmuchwillbeimpacted._____54____,therearesomethingspeoplecandotoeasesomeofthisproblem.Forestmanagementplansthatreducehigh-severityburnscanhelp.Increasingly,forestmanagersareconsideringallowingsomefirestoburnundermoremoderateconditions,Davissaid,Forest_____55_____.41.A.convenient42.A.ecologically43.A.destroyed44.A.necessary45.A.accelerated46.A.transform47.A.extinction48.A.sustaining49.A.sufficient50.A.occasional51.A.astonishing52.A.world53.A.concentrated54.A.Asaresult55.A.saversB.difficultB.apparentlyB.worsenedB.enormousB.delayedB.spreadB.declineB.abandoningB.limitedB.commonB.hopelessB.stateB.dependedB.ForexampleB.managersC.encouragingC.physicallyC.extendedC.criticalC.eliminatedC.preserveC.tragedyC.facilitatingC.moderateC.essentialC.costlyC.humanC.insistedC.InfactC.researchersD.frustratingD.financiallyD.establishedD.invisibleD.strengthenedD.escapeD.increaseD.endangeringD.approximateD.temporaryD.irreversibleD.forestD.commentedD.What’smoreD.advocatesSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)EUmembers’stateshaveagreedtobanatoxicsubstancewidelyfoundinclothingbecauseitposesan“acceptablerisk”totheenvironment.Countriesvotedinfavorofextendingexistingrestrictionsonnonylphenolethoxylates(NPE)toimportstoclothingandothertextileproducts.Themeasureisintendedtoprotectspeciesinwater.UseofNPEintextilemanufatureinEuropewasbannedover10yearsagobutthesubstanceisstillreleasedintothewaterenvironmentthroughimportedtextilesbeingwashed.NPEdegradesintheenvironmentintosubstancesincludingnonylphenol(NP),whichaccumulatesinthebodiesoffishanddisturbstheirhormones,harmingfertility,growthandsexualdevelopment.NPEisusedintextilemanufactureasacleaninganddyeingagent.TheEUdecisionnotesthatseveralstudieshavefoundNPEtobepresentintextileitems.A2011studybyGreenpeacefoundNPEintwo-thirdsofclothestested,includingitemssoldbybig-namebradssuchasAdidas,H&M,Lacoste,andRalphLauren.TheNGO(Non-GovernmentalOrganizations)arguedthatalthoughconcentrationsofNPEfoundintheclotheswerelow,thechemical’sexistenceintheenvironmentposedarisk.ThenewbanontextilescontainingNPEinconcentrationsequaltoorgreaterthan0.01%willenterintoforcefiveyearsafteritisadoptedbytheEuropeanCommission,whichislikelytohappeninSeptember.IncommentssubmittedtoECHA(EuropeanChemicalsAgency),clothingandtextilefirmshavewarnedthatobeyingtherestrictionwillbedifficultbecauseNPEubiquitousinthesupplychainandhasnumeroususes.Thenewrestrictionwillnotapplytosecond-handgoodsorrecycledtextilesbecauseitisassumedthatthesewillalreadyhavebeenwashedseveraltimessotheycontainnegligible（微不足道的）amountsofNPE.EUcountriesmusteliminatepollutionofwaterbodiesbyNPasitisaprioritysubstanceundertheWaterFrameworkDirective.A2013studybytheUKenvironmentagencywarnedthatemissionsfromtextilescouldpreventprogresstowardsthisobjective.Itfound29%ofimportedcottonunderwearcontainedNPE,whichwasreleasedduringthefirsttwowashesbytheconsumer.56.The2011studybyGreenpeacefound_________.A.29%ofimportedcottonunderwearcontainedNPEB.NPEhadlimitedeffectsonaquaticspeciesC.NPEwaswidelypresentintextileproductsD.clothesofgoodqualityhadnoconcentrationsofNPE57.What’sthepossiblemeaningoftheunderlinedpart“isubiquitous”isParagraph7?A.islegallyprotectedC.seemstobeeverywhere58.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?B.isnoteasytobefoundD.isuncommonA.TheoriginalbanonuseofNPEwasveryeffective.B.RecycledtextilecontainlessNPE.C.Thenewbanonimportsoftextilehascomeintoforce.D.TheUKenvironmentagencyisoptimisticaboutthenewban.59.Whichsectionofthewebsitedoesthetextcomefrom?A.lifestyleB.technology.C.Business.(B)LettersCommentsontheMarchIssue40SmartWaystoSaveattheSupermarketYourcautionnottofallforfakesalesremindedTrappedInsideaGlacierReadingaboutJohnAll’sexperienceonMountD.Environment.meofwhenIwasastockboyatmyneighborhoodHimlungwasveryinspiringtome.Amanwith15groceryinthe1950s.Onetime,wegotadeliveryofbrokenbonesandbleedinginternallybeingabletooff-bandvegetables.Ipricedthemattencentsacan.climbupa70-footwalloficeandsurvivefor18Idon’tthinkwesoldmorethansixcans--untilIputhoursat20,000feetissomethingthatIwouldhaveupsignthatsaid“Special:Ninefor$1.”Isetthemthoughtobeimpossible.Iam16yearsoldandaoutThursdayevening,andbynoononSaturdaytheylifelongreader.Outofallthegreatcontentinweregone.EdwardDeckerd,Perrywille,MissouriBill’sLast,BestGiftTrackGrant’sarticleresonated（与……产生共鸣）deeplywithme.Twelveyearsago,myhusband,Don,wasdiagnosedwithterminalbraincancer.Ashiscaregiver,I,too,learnedtoappreciatethepeopleandthingsaroundmeandnottosweatthesmallstuff,andinthelongrun,Ibecameamuchbetterperson.Donalsogavemehislast,bestgiftofloveandpeace.AntiaLawrence,SanDiego,CaliforniaReader’sDigest,storieslikehisaretheonesIenjoythemost.SamKieffer,Richardson,TexasDishesProfessionalChefsCookintheMicrowaveMicrowavinglivelobstersininhumaneandcruel.Becauselobstersfeelpain,Switzerlandhasrecentlyoutlawedthepracticeofboilingthemlive.AsimilarlawwaspassedinItaly,whereitisnowillegaltoputlobstersonicebeforecookingthem.Ihopeyouprovideanupdatetoyourstorypromotinghumanepracticesinsteadofcruelandviolentones.JanetToole,Phoenixville,Pennsylavnia60.HowdidAntiaLawrencereacttoherhusband’sdiagnosis?A.Shefeltverypainful.B.Shegainedsomelifelessons.C.Shepaidmoreattentiontoherownhealth.D.Sheshoweddeepsympathyforherhusband.61.AccordingtoSamKieffer’sletter,whatcanbelearnaboutJohnAll?A.HeisanexpertinmountaineeringB.HewrotethearticleentitledTrappedInsideaGlacier.C.Notallpeoplecouldsurviveinthesamesituationashedid.D.HisstoryisthebestonethatSamKiefferhaseverreadinReader’sDigest.62.Whoislikelytodisagreewithwhatissaidinthecommentedarticle?A.EdwardDeckerd.B.AntiaLawrence.C.SamKieffer.(C)Whatmakesuslovesomethingsandhateothers?Weknowthatsometimeseventhetiniestchangecanresultinahugedifferenceinhowweperceivesomething,soisthereanyrhymeorreasontoourtastesandpreferences?Herearethreefactorswhichplayarole.1.ConformingtoexpectationInLondonafewyearsago,twotalentedrapperscalledSilibilN’Brainstooktothestagetoperformatamusicindustryshowforunsignedbands.Theywereaninstanthit.TheiroutrageousWestCoast-Americanstyle,brilliantraplyricsandcouldn’t-care-lessattitudehadthemusicindustry’stalentspottersfallingoverthemselvestosignthepair.Inashortspaceoftime,SilibilN’Brainshadadealwithatopmanagementcompany,acontractwithamajorrecordlabelandanadvanceof$70,000--andtheyhadn’tevenmadearecord.Beforelong,theywereontourwithEminemandoutpartyingwithMadonna.Theywerelivingthedream.Buttwoyearsagothesametworapperswerelaughedoffstagebythesametalentspottersforsingingthesamesons.Sowhatwasthedifference?Amazingly,itwastheiraccent.Yousee,SilibilN’Brainsweren’t,infact,fromWestCoastU.S.A.atall.TheywerefromDundeeinScotland.DuringthefirstauditiontheyhadusedtheirScottishaccentswhenrappingandithadnotgonedownwell.“Theyjustlaughedatus,”recalledBrains.“Wewereheartbroken.WewentbacktoScotlandwithourtailbetweenourlegs”.Thelessonforthemwasthattosucceed,youhavetoconformtoexpectationsandatthattimeeveryoneexpectedrapperstobeAmerican.2.ThebenefitofhindsightSomepeoplearesimplyaheadoftheirtime.It’scommonknowledgethatVincentvanGoghsoldonlyonepaintinginhislifetime--theother900orsowereunknownandunloveduntilafterhisdeath.Monet’spaintings.atleastinhisearlycareer,wasconsideredincompleteanduglybycriticsatthetime,whileVermeer,thepainterofGirlWithaPearlEarring,evenhadtousehismother-in-lawasaguarantorwhenheborrowedmoney--sounablewashetosellanyofhiswork!Nowthatpublictastehascaughtupwiththeseartists,moreorlessanythingtheytouchedhasanastronomicalpricetagattachedtoit.D.JanetToolePerhapsthereasonisthatitjusttakesawhiletogetusedtosomething--afterall,notallbeautyisobviousatfirstsight.3.AreassuringpricetagInaworldwheretherangeofproductsonoffercanbecompletelybewildering,weoftenlooktopriceasanindicationofquality.Wemaythinkweprefertheexpensivewinetothecheapone,butwemaysimplybeinfluencedbythepricetag.Evenprofessionalscanmakethemistake.AresearcherfromtheUniversityofBordeauxinFrancetookanaveragebottleofredwineandpoureditintotwoemptybottles,onwithanexpensivelabelandtheotherwithacheapone.Thenheinvited57wine“experts”totastethewine.Fortyofthemrecommendedthewinefromtheexpensivebottle,describingitas“agreeable”,“complex”,“balanced”and“rounded.”whilethesamewinefromtheexpensivebottle,describingitas“agreeable”,“complex”,“balanced”and“rounded,”whilethesamewinefromthecheapbottlewasdescribedas“weak”and“flat”,withonly12oftheexpertsrecommendingit.ThestudymadetheresearcherunpopularwiththeFrenchwinetasters,buthedidprovethatpricehasasignificantimpactontaste.63.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutSilibilN’Brainsistrue?A.Talentspottersfellinlovewiththematfirstsight.B.TheyarefromtheWestCoastofAmericaC.TheirsuccesswasattributedtobehavingandsoundinglikeAmericanrappers.D.TheywerefriendswithfamousstarslikeMadonnaevenbeforetheysucceeded.64.Theunderlinedphrases“withourtailbetweenourlegs”indicatesthat_________.A.theirfirstauditionprovedafailureB.theyfeltproudoftheirperformanceC.theylearnedavaluablelessonD.beinghumblemightcontributetotheirfuturesuccess65.Weaninferfromthesecondfactorthat________.A.someartistsarebetterknownwhentheyarealivethanwhentheyaredeadB.publictasteusuallyfallsbehindfamousartistsC.beautyatfirstsightlastsmuchlongerD.Monet’spaintingsarepricelessbecauseoftheirincompleteness66.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.Apricetagalwaysfailstoindicatethequalityofaproduct.B.Apricetagislesslikelytoconfusecustomersthanthepackaging.C.LowpricewillmakethewineunpopularwithtastersD.Apricetagwillcloudaperson’sjudgementofsomething.SectionCDirections:Readthepassagecarefully.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.A.BetweenAugustandApril,theysoughtfoodinlowelevations（海拔）onChina’sQinlingMountains.B.Scientiststhinktheresearchshowthatpandasareveryclever.C.Pandaseatbambooalldaylongexceptwhentheyaresleepingorplaying.D.Thegenefortheir“umamitastereceptors”becameinactive.E.TheyfedonthemuntiltheywentbackdownthemountainandstartedeatingBashaniafargesiileavesagain.F.Scientistshaveconductedmanystudiesonpandas’eatinghabits.AreBamboo-EatingPandasReallyHerbivores?Ontheoutside,giantpandaslooklikeherbivores（食草动物）.Theyspendnearlyalloftheirwakinghourseatingbamboo.Butontheinside,they’rebuiltlikecarnivores（食肉动物）.Abouthalfofthecaloriestheyeatcomefromprotein,accordingtoanewstudy.Theancestorofgiantpandaswereomnivorous（杂食的）.Theyarebothanimalsandplants,andhadthedigestivesystemandgutbacteriatometabolize（使发生新陈代谢）them.Theyhad“umamitastereceptors,”toappreciatetheflavorsofmeat.However,about2.4millionyearsago,thingsbegantochange._____67_____Theirjawandteethevolvedtohelpthemcrushbamboo,andtheirwristbonebecamecapableofgraspingthestalks（杆）oftheirfavoriteplant.Scientiststhinkpandasswitchedtoeatingbamboopartlybecausetheydidn’thavetofightwithotheranimalstogetit.Bambooishighinfiberbuthasalowconcentrationofnutrients,sopandashavetoeat20to40poundsoftheplanteverydayjusttogetby.DavidRaubenheimer,anutritionalecologistattheUniversityofSydney,andhiscolleaguesputGPStrackersontwogiantpandasandfollowedtheirmovementthroughouttheyear.Theydiscoveredthatthepandasfollowedtheprotein._______68______Atthestartofthecycle,theyateBashaniafargesiileavesuntiltheygotthechancetofeastonyoungshoots,whichcontainedmoreprotein.Themoretheshootsgrew,themoretheirproteinwasdiluted（冲淡）byfiber.Thatcausedthepandastomovetohigherground,whereFargesiaqinlingensisgrew.First,theyatetheshoots,butthese,too,wentfrombeingprotein-richtofiber-richastheygrew.Thepandarespondedbyswitchingtotheleaves.______69______Theresearchersfoundthatabouthalfofthecaloriesthepandasatewereintheformofprotein._______70_______“Theycanknowexactlywheretogo,andwhentogo,sotheycangetthemostofthenutrientsthattheirecosystemcanprovide,”saidSilviaPineda-Munoz,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy.Theworkalsoshowsthatclassifyingananimalsasherbivoreorcarnivoreismorecomplexthanonemightsassume.“It’snotwhetheryou’reeatingplantsbutwhatoftheplantsyou’reeating,”saidPineda-Munoz.IV.SummaryWriting
Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.HerbalMedicineHerbalmedicine,whichhasbeenusedformedicinalpurposes,istheuseofplantstotreatdiseases.Manyherbalistsusetheentireplant,fromtheflowers,stems,leaves,androots,intheformofeverythingfromteastopills.Theseplantscontainnatural,chemicalthingsthatcantreatthebodyforavarietyofdiseases,suchasallergies,asthma,rheumatoidarthritis,migraine,chronicfatigue,andcancer,amongothers.Nowadaysanincreasingnumberofpeopleprefertoadopttheseplantstotreattheirdiseasesbecause,comparedwithchemicalmedicine,herbalmedicinehasitsownadvantages.Herbalmedicineandremediesaremoreeffectivethanchemicalmedicineforcertaindiseases.Thechemicalmedicinegivenbyachemistcouldhavecertainnegativesideeffects.However,manyoftheherbalmedicineandremediestonothavenegativesideeffects.Ifany,theyaresofterthanchemicalmedicine.Obesityisthecauseofmanyofthehealthproblems.Herbalmedicinecanhelpweightlossmoreeffectivelyandimproveoverallhealth.However,thecureusingherbalmedicineandsupplementswouldtakesometime,andthereforepeoplearesupposedtopossessenoughpatience.Worsestill,herbalmedicinecontainsavarietyofingredientsandpeoplehavetobesurethattheirbodyagreeswiththeingredientsandthatitisnotallergic（过敏）.Apointworthmentioninghereisthatherbalremediesandmedicineforcertainillnessesmayhavenegativesideeffects.Thesesideeffectsmaynotbeshownatonce,butwouldtakemonthsorevenyears.Intheearlystages,iftheherbalmedicineisnotagreeingwithyou,itiswisetostopusingit.Whenusedcorrectlyanddirectedbydoctors,herbscanhelptreatavarietyofdisease.Butkeepinmindthattheherbalmedicineindustryisnotregulated,soherbalproductsareoftenmisleadingandmaycontainadditivesthatarenotlistedonthelabel.Someherbsmaycauseallergicreactionsorinteractwithotherdrugs,andsomearepoisonousifusedimproperlyorathighdoses.Takingherbsonyourownincreasesyourrisk.V.Translation
Directions:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.72.一闻到这种蛋糕的味道我就总会想起童年。(associate)73.我们不能想当然地认为我们永远不会面对危险生命的紧急情况。(grant)74.尽管这些产品价格昂贵，但它们经久耐用，永不过时。(as)75.让许多孩子感到烦恼的是家长们似乎没有充分意识到保护隐私的重要性，总喜欢在社交媒体上发布孩子的照片。(bother)VI.GuidedWriting
Directions:WriteanEnglishcompositionin120-150wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelowinChinese.76.假设你是明启中学高三学生王磊，你经常阅读的英语报刊正在征集读者对于“学生最应该学会什么”的不同意见。你对此话题很感兴趣，写一篇文章表达你的观点，内容包括：1.你认为学生最应该学会什么？2.结合自身情况谈谈你这么认为的里有。（文中不要涉及你的真实姓名或学校）金山区2019~2020年第二学期高三年级质量调研考试
高三英语答案解析版
（考试时间120分钟，满分140分。）
I.ListeningComprehensionSectionAII.GrammarandVocabularySectionA
Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.
Abanondistractedwalking
Youcan’twalkdownthestreetwithoutpassingso-called''smart-phonezombies(僵尸).''Theyaretooabsorbedintheirscreen____1____(watch)wheretheyaregoing.Almostfourintenpeopleadmithavingsufferedatechnology-relatedsmallaccident____2____theypaymoreattentiontotheirelectronicdevicethantothepavement.
NowthecityofHonoluluHawaii,hasdecidedit’stimetotakeimmediateactionandmakeit
,
illegaltocrosstheroadwhileusingamobilephone.Those____3____(catch)usingphones,tabletsorotherelectronicdevicesatcrossingpointscouldfaceafineofupto$100.
HonoluluisthefirstmajorU.S.citytoban____4____iscalled''distractedwalking.''Itcomesafterastudythatfoundthere____5____(be)morethan11,000injuriesintheUnitedStatesresultingfromphone-relateddistractionwhilewalkinginthepastfewyears.
Toexplainthedecision,mayorKirkCaldwellsaid,''Weholdtheunfortunatehonorofbeingamajorcity____6____morepedestriansarehitincrosswalksthanalmostanyothercityinthecountry.''
Underthefinesystems.____7____breaksthislawforthefirsttimewillgetafineof$15to$35.Peoplebreakingthelawforasecondorthirdtimewillgeta$99fine.
Thelaw,whichiscalledtheDistractedWalkingLaw,doespermitanexception.Pedestrians____8____usesuchdevicesinthestreettocallemergencyservicesandrescueworkers,suchasfirefightersandpoliceofficers.
Ifyoustillwanttotextwhilewalking,youcouldavoid____9____(fine)inHonolulubyusingavoice-controlleddigitalassistantsuchasSiriorGoogleAssistant.Oryoucouldjustwait______10______youareagain,safely,offthestreet.【答案】1.towatch2.because3.caught4.what5.hadbeen6.where7.whoever8.can/may9.beingfined10.until【解析】【分析】
这是一篇新闻报道。针对人们过马路时过于关注电子产品的情况，美国城市Honolulu颁布了DistractedWalkingLaw，该法律规定过马路看电子产品会被处以15-35美元的罚款，但紧急情况排除在外。【1题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：他们太专注于手机屏幕，而不能观察他们正要去的地方。根据句意可知，此处考查固定搭配too…to…“太……而不能”，故填towatch。【2题详解】
考查连词。句意：几乎有十分之四的人都承认遭遇过和科技相关的小事故，因为比起人行道来他们更注意自己的电子设备。根据句意和句子结构可知，此处用连词because“因为”符合语境，故填because。【3题详解】
考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，逻辑主语those和catch之间是被动关系，应用过去分词，故填caught。【4题详解】
考查宾语从句。分析句子可知，此处是宾语从句连接词，从句缺少主语，且指代事物，应用连接代词，故填what。【5题详解】
考查时态。分析句子可知，此处是宾语从句谓语动词，由inthepastfewyears判断从句原本用现在完成时，因主句是一般过去时，故从句应用过去完成时，故填hadbeen。【6题详解】
考查定语从句。分析句子可知，此处是定语从句关系词，先行词city在从句中充当地点状语，应用关系副词，故填where。【7题详解】
考查主语从句。句意：无论谁第一次违反该法律都会被罚15到35美元。分析句子可知，此处是主语从句连接词，从句缺少主语，又此处用“无论谁”符合语境，故填whoever。【8题详解】
考查情态动词。句意：行人可以/能够在街上使用这些这些设备来呼叫紧急服务和救援人员，例如消防员和警察。根据句意可知，此处添加“可以/能够”符合语境，故填can/may。【9题详解】
考查非谓语动词。此处应用fine的动名词作为avoid的宾语，又逻辑主语you和fine之间是被动关系，故应用动名词的被动形式beingdone，故填beingfined。【10题详解】
考查连词。句意：或者你可以等，直到你再次安全才离开街道。根据句意和句子结构可知，
此处用连词until“直到”符合语境，故填until。【点睛】第5小题考查宾语从句时态
宾语从句时态一般从三个方面考虑：主句是一般现在时，从句用它原本需要的时态；主句是过去时，从句要用相应的过去的某种时态；从句是真理、谚语等用一般现在时。以本题为例：
由inthepastfewyears判断从句原本用现在完成时，因主句是一般过去时，所以从句应用过去完成时，故填hadbeen。SectionB
Directions:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.
Givingkidsallowancesinthesmart-phone
Allowancesareaconstant.Nomatterhowmuchtechnologyinterfereswiththeparent-childrelationship,kidsstillwantmoneyandparentsstillwanttoimpart(赋予)abasicworkethic.Butputtingstickersonchore(日常事务)chartsanddroppingcoinsinpiggybanksdon'tcutitwiththesmart-phonegeneration.
Parentsinsearchofmore____11____waystoteachchildrenthevalueofmoneyareturningtoallowance-trackingapps,wherekidscanseetheir____12____riseandfallinrealtime.
BonnieKoon,amotherofthreeinCrawfordville,Fla.,usedtopostacalendaronherrefrigerator____13____herkidschores,totheembarrassmentofher16-year-oldtwins.AfterseeingaFacebookadfortheappGreen-light,she___14___it.
Green-lightlinkstoparents'bankaccountssothatthepayoutcanbeseamless.Parentscanencouragesavingbypayinginterestonthemoneythatisn’tspent____15____--interestoutoftheparents'ownpockets,ofcourse.
It'sthefirsttasteof___16___freedomformanykids,andit'ssetinarelativelysafe
environment.Parentscandeterminespendinglimitsandchoosetheretailers(零售商)whereachildcanmake____17____.Ifachildattemptstobuysomethingatanunapprovedstoreortospendmorethanthelimit,thetransaction(交易)is_____18_____andparentsgetanotification.Andifakidlosesthecard,parentscanimmediatelycancelitfromtheapp.
OneofMs.Koon'stwins.Brenna,worksparttimeatarestaurant.She'sputtinghalfofherpaycheckintoacar-insurancesavingsfundshesetupintheapp,whitthegoalofsaving$450byJuly.Witheach_____19_____,theappgivesBrennaaprogressupdate.
Someparentsmightworrythatrelyingonappstogetkidstodochoresonlyencouragesthemtobeontheirphonesmore.Butparentswhohavechosenthisapproacharguethattheyaremeetingtheirkidswheretheyareandthatittakesthe_____20_____nagging(唠叨)outoftheequation.Thereal-timelookattheiraccountsmakestheconceptsofsavingandspendingmoretangiblethanreviewingabankstatement.【答案】11.F12.B13.I14.E15.H16.G17.K18.C19.D20.A【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个父母管理孩子零花钱的app，该app给父母管理孩子零花钱带来便利的同时，也让孩子享受经济自由。【11题详解】
考查形容词。句意：寻求更令人愉快的方式来教育孩子金钱价值的家长们现在都求助于一个零钱追踪app，在该程序上孩子们可以实时看到他们收支平衡情况。根据句意可知，此处用形容词engaging“令人愉快的”符合语境，该词作为ways的定语，故选F项。【12题详解】
考查名词。句意：同上。根据句意可知，此处用名词balance“平衡”符合语境，balancebetweenriseandfall“收支平衡”，故选B项。【13题详解】
考查动词。句意：BonnieKoon，三个孩子的母亲，住在费城Crawfordville，曾经把日历贴在冰箱上，上面列着孩子的家务活，这使得她16岁的双胞胎很尴尬。根据句意可知，此处用动词list“列着”符合语境，分析句子此处应非谓语动词作状语，list和逻辑主语BonnieKoon之间是主动关系，应用现在分词，故选I项。【14题详解】
考查动词。句意：在看到Facebook上关于绿光app的广告后，她下载了这个app。根据句意可知，此处用动词download“下载”符合语境，又此处讲述过去的事情，应用一般过去时，故选E项。【15题详解】
考查副词。句意：父母可以通过给没有被立刻花掉的钱支付利息来鼓励存款。根据句意可知，此处用副词immediately“立即”符合语境，该词修饰动词spend，故选H项。【16题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这对于很多孩子来说是一次尝到经济自由的滋味……。根据句意可知，此处用形容词financial“经济的”符合语境，该词作为freedom的定语，financialfreedom“经济自由”，故选G项。【17题详解】
考查名词。句意：父母可以决定使用的限度以及选择孩子可以在哪个地方购物的零售商。根据句意可知，此处用名词purchase“购买”符合语境，makepurchases“购物”，故选K项。【18题详解】
考查动词。句意：如果一个孩子试图在不被允许的商店购物，或者花费超过了限度，交易就会被拒绝，同时父母也会收到一个通知。根据句意可知，此处用动词decline“拒绝”符合语境，又主语transaction和decline之间是被动关系，应用被动语态bedone，故选C项。【19题详解】
考查名词。句意：每一笔存款，该app都给Brenna一个进度更新。根据上文的saving$450byJuly可知此处用名词deposit“存款”符合语境，故选D项。【20题详解】
考查形容词。句意：但是选择该app的父母说他们可以在孩子真正需要的地方满足他们的需求，它把父母的唠叨从等式中去掉了。根据句意可知，此处用形容词parental“父母的”符合语境，该词作为nagging的定语，故选A项。III.ReadingComprehensionSectionA
Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.
IfyouliketotakeawalkinthewoodsintheUnitedStatesoryouprefertodecorateatreeatChristmas,youshouldknowthatclimatechangeismakingbothofthoseactivitiesalotmore_____21_____.Lookingattwo_____22_____andeconomicallyimportantspecies-theDouglasfirandthePonderosapine-scientistsfoundthatfiresanddrought______23______byclimatechangemakenewgrowthdifficult,especiallyinlow-elevationforests,accordingtoastudypublishedMondayintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences.
SomeforestsinfourregionsinCalifornia,Colorado,theNorthernRockiesandthe
southwesternpartoftheUnitedStateshavecrossed''a(n)_____24_____climatetipping(转折)pointforpost-firetreegeneration,''thestudysays.
Climateconditionsoverthepast20yearshave______25______changesthatwouldhavetakendecadesorevencenturiesto_____26_____acrossbroadregionsofthecountry.Thisisleadingtothesudden______27______oftreesandmakingtheselandsincreasinglyunsuitablefortreeregeneration.
''Climatechangesis______28______ourforestsnow,notjustinsomedistantfuture.Maybeinareaswheretherearereally______29______seedsources,therecouldbesometrees,butitisbecomingreallyhardtogetthesetreesbackduetoclimatechange,''saidstudyco-authorKimDavis.
Theproblemprobablywon'tgetanybetter,asclimatechangeismakingintensewildfiresmuchmore_______30_______.Westernforesterssaythereusedtobeafireseason.Butdevastatingand______31______fireshavebecomearealityallyearlong.In2018,firecostCaliforniamorethan$9.05billion,accordingtotheUSAinsurancecommissioner,thedeadliestandmostdestructivewildfiresseasoninthe________32________history.
Ahighernumberoffiresandlowseedavailabilitymeansahighprobabilitythatthesetreesintheseregionswon'tcomeback,Davissaid.Thisstudy_______33_______onthedriestandhottestareasoftheWesternforests,butresearcherswillnexttrytofocusonhowmuchwillbeimpacted.
______34______,therearesomethingspeoplecandotoeasesomeofthisproblem.Forestmanagementplansthatreducehigh-severityburnscanhelp.Increasingly,forestmanagersareconsideringallowingsomefirestoburnundermoremoderateconditions,Davissaid,Forest_______35_______.21.A.convenient22.A.ecologically23.A.destroyed24.A.necessary25.A.accelerated26.A.transform27.A.extinction28.A.sustaining29.A.sufficient30.A.occasional31.A.astonishing32.A.world33.A.concentrated
B.difficultB.apparentlyB.worsenedB.enormousB.delayedB.spreadB.declineB.abandoningB.limitedB.commonB.hopelessB.stateB.depended
C.encouragingC.physicallyC.extendedC.criticalC.eliminatedC.preserveC.tragedyC.facilitatingC.moderateC.essentialC.costlyC.humanC.insisted
D.frustratingD.financiallyD.establishedD.invisibleD.strengthenedD.escapeD.increaseD.endangeringD.approximateD.temporaryD.irreversibleD.forestD.commented
34.A.Asaresult35.A.savers【答案】21.B
22.A
B.ForexampleB.managers23.B
24.C
25.A
C.InfactC.researchers26.B
27.B28.D
29.A
D.What’smoreD.advocates30.B
31.C32.
B33.A34.C35.B【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要陈述了气候变化使美国大部分地区的野火和干旱加剧，这使得森林的生长变得越来越困难，甚至危及到一些物种，同时也给政府带来了经济压力。但是专家指出人们也做一些事情来缓解这种情况。【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果你喜欢在美国的森林里散步，或者喜欢在圣诞节装饰一棵圣诞树，那么你应该知道气候变化正在让这两项活动变得更加困难。A.convenient便利的；B.difficult困难的；C.encouraging令人鼓舞的；D.frustrating令人沮丧的。根据下文的climatechangemakenewgrowthdifficult可知此处用“困难的”符合语境，difficult是原词复现，故选B项。【22题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：科学家对在生态和经济上都很重要的两个物种的研究——花旗松和黄松，发现因为气候变化而加剧的火灾和干旱让新的生长很困难。A.ecologically生态上地；B.apparently明显地；C.physically身体地；D.financially经济上地。结合常识可知，这两种树具有生态和经济价值，故选A项。【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.destroyed破坏；B.worsened使……加剧；C.extended延伸；D.established建立。根据byclimatechangemakenewgrowthdifficult,especiallyinlow-elevationforests可知，此处是指气候变化使火灾和干旱更严重了，故选B项。【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：该研究说，对这四个地区——加州，科罗拉多州，落基山以北和美国的西南部的一些森林来说他们已经错过了火灾后树木产生的关键气候临界点。A.necessary必要的；B.enormous巨大的；C.critical关键的；D.invisible可见的。结合climatetipping(转折)pointforpost-firetreegeneration可知，此处是指一些森林已经错过了灾后恢复的关键时刻，故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在过去20年，气候情况已经加速了变化，这些变化本要花几十年，甚至几个世纪才会遍及这个国家的广大地区。A.accelerated加速；B.delayed推迟；C.eliminated排除；D.strengthened加强。根据下文的Thisisleadingtothesudden______7______oftreesandmakingtheselandsincreasinglyunsuitablefortreeregeneration.可知气候情况加速了变化，故选A项。【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.transform改变；B.spread传播，遍及；C.preserve
保
护；D.escape逃避。根据上下文可知，此处是指气候变化导致森林生长速度缓慢的情况提前遍及美国大部分地区，故选B项。【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这导致了树木的突然减少，使得这些土地越来越不适应树的再生。A.extinction灭绝；B.decline减少；C.tragedy悲剧；D.increase增加。根据上文的climatechangemakenewgrowthdifficult可知树木会减少，故选B项。【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：目前，气候变化正在危及我们的森林，而不仅仅是一些遥远的森林。A.sustaining维持；B.abandoning遗弃；C.facilitating促进；D.endangering危及。根据下文的butitisbecomingreallyhardtogetthesetreesbackduetoclimatechange可知，气候变化正危及森林，故选D项。【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：或许在一些真的有充足种子来源的地方，可能会有一些树，但由于气候变化，要想让这些树像过去那样真的很困难。A.sufficient充足的；B.limited有限的；C.moderate温和的；D.approximate大约的。即使种子充足的地方，树木也不会像以前那样种类繁多了，故选A项。【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个问题可能不会变好，因为气候变化正在使猛烈的野火变得更加常见。A.occasional临时的；B.common常见的；C.essential基本的；D.temporary暂时的。根据下文havebecomearealityallyearlong可知，此处是指气候变化让猛烈的大火发生地更频繁，即更常见，故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但破坏性极大和代价极大的火灾终年都在发生已经成为一个事实。A.astonishing令人震惊的；B.hopeless没有希望的；C.costly代价高的；D.irreversible无法复原的。根据下文的In2018,firecostCaliforniamorethan$9.05billion可知此处用“代价高的”符合语境，cost和costly是同根词，故选C项。【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：据美国保险委员说，在2018年，火灾花费了加州超过90亿美元，是该州历史上最致命的以及破坏性最大的野火季。A.world世界；B.state州，国家；C.human人类；D.forest森林。根据California可知这是美国的一个州，故选B项。【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：该研究聚焦在西部森林最干燥、最热的地区，但研究人员接下来将会关注有多少会受到影响。A.concentrated集中；B.depended依靠；C.insisted坚持；D.commented评论。根据下文的focusonhowmuchwillbeimpacted可知此处用“关注”符合语境，concentrateon和focuson是同义词复现，故选A项。【34题详解】
考查副词短语辨析。句意：事实上，人们可以作一些事情来缓解这个问题。A.Asaresult因此；B.Forexample例如；C.Infact事实上；D.What'smore此外。根据上下文可知，此处是指实际上人们可以做一些事情来缓解气候变化给森林带来的影响，故选C项。【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Davis说，--他是森林管理员-越来越多的森林管理者正在考虑允许一些火在更温和的条件下燃烧。A.saversB.managers管理员；C.researchers研究院；D.advocates倡导者。根据上文的forestmanagers可知此处用“管理员”符合语境，manager是原词复现，故选B项。SectionB
Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.
(A)
EUmembers'stateshaveagreedtobanatoxicsubstancewidelyfoundinclothingbecauseit
posesan''acceptablerisk''totheenvironment.Countriesvotedinfavorofextendingexistingrestrictionsonnonylphenolethoxylates(NPE)toimportstoclothingandothertextileproducts.
Themeasureisintendedtoprotectspeciesinwater.UseofNPEintextilemanufactureinEuropewasbannedover10yearsagobutthesubstanceisstillreleasedintothewaterenvironmentthroughimportedtextilesbeingwashed.
NPEdegradesintheenvironmentintosubstancesincludingnonylphenol(NP),whichaccumulatesinthebodiesoffishanddisturbstheirhormones,harmingfertility,growthandsexualdevelopment.
NPEisusedintextilemanufactureasacleaninganddyeingagent.TheEUdecisionnotesthatseveralstudieshavefoundNPEtobepresentintextileitems.
A2011studybyGreenpeacefoundNPEintwo-thirdsofclothestested,includingitemssoldbybig-namebradssuchasAdidas,H&M,Lacoste,andRalphLauren.TheNGO(Non-GovernmentalOrganizations)arguedthatalthoughconcentrationsofNPEfoundintheclotheswerelow,thechemical’sexistenceintheenvironmentposedarisk.
ThenewbanontextilescontainingNPEinconcentrationsequaltoorgreaterthan0.01%willenterintoforcefiveyearsafteritisadoptedbytheEuropeanCommission,whichislikelytohappeninSeptember.
IncommentssubmittedtoECHA(EuropeanChemicalsAgency),clothingandtextilefirmshavewarnedthatobeyingtherestrictionwillbedifficultbecauseNPEubiquitousinthesupplychainandhasnumeroususes.
Thenewrestrictionwillnotapplytosecond-handgoodsorrecycledtextilesbecauseitisassumedthatthesewillalreadyhavebeenwashedseveraltimessotheycontainnegligible(微不足道的)amountsofNPE.
EUcountriesmusteliminatepollutionofwaterbodiesbyNPasitisaprioritysubstanceundertheWaterFrameworkDirective.A2013studybytheUKenvironmentagencywarnedthatemissionsfromtextilescouldpreventprogresstowardsthisobjective.Itfound29%ofimportedcottonunderwearcontainedNPE,whichwasreleasedduringthefirsttwowashesbytheconsumer.36.The2011studybyGreenpeacefound_________.A.29%ofimportedcottonunderwearcontainedNPEB.NPEhadlimitedeffectsonaquaticspeciesC.NPEwaswidelypresentintextileproducts
D.clothesofgoodqualityhadnoconcentrationsofNPE
37.What'sthepossiblemeaningoftheunderlinedpart''ubiquitous''inParagraph7?A.islegallyprotectedC.seemstobeeverywhere38.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?
B.isnoteasytobefoundD.isuncommon
A.TheoriginalbanonuseofNPEwasveryeffective.B.RecycledtextilecontainlessNPE.
C.Thenewbanonimportsoftextilehascomeintoforce.D.TheUKenvironmentagencyisoptimisticaboutthenewban.39.Whichsectionofthewebsitedoesthetextcomefrom?A.lifestyleC.Business.
【答案】36.C37.C38.B39.D【解析】
这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了欧盟禁止在织物中使用一种对环境有害的物质NPE，这种物质在织物清洗时会释放到水中，影响水环境，进而影响水中鱼类的生长。
【36题详解】
B.technology.D.Environment.
细节理解题。根据第五段的A2011studybyGreenpeacefoundNPEintwo-thirdsofclothestested,includingitemssoldbybig-namebradssuchasAdidas,H&M,Lacoste,andRalph
Lauren.(2011年Greenpeace的一项研究发现被测试的三分之二的衣服里都含有NPE，包括一些大品牌，如阿迪达斯、H&M、鳄鱼、和拉尔夫劳伦等)可知，大部分的织物里都含有NPE。C.NPEwaswidelypresentintextileproducts(NPE广泛存在于纺织产品里)符合以上说法，故选C项。【37题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线部分所在句子IncommentssubmittedtoECHA(EuropeanChemicalsAgency),clothingandtextilefirmshavewarnedthatobeyingtherestrictionwillbedifficultbecauseNPEubiquitousinthesupplychainandhasnumeroususes.(在提交给欧盟化学品管理局的评论中，服装和纺织品公司已经提醒说，遵守这一限制将是困难的，因为NEP在供应链中是ubiquitous，且有很多用处)和第四段的NPEisusedintextilemanufactureasacleaninganddyeingagent.(NPE作为一种清洁和染色剂在纺织业中使用)根据上下文语境，尤其是hasnumeroususes和asacleaninganddyeingagent.，可猜测划线部分的意思是“无处不在”。C.seemstobeeverywhere(似乎到处都有)符合以上猜测，故选C项。【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的Thenewrestrictionwillnotapplytosecond-handgoodsorrecycledtextilesbecauseitisassumedthatthesewillalreadyhavebeenwashedseveraltimessotheycontainnegligibleamountsofNPE.(新的限制将不适用于二手商品或回收的纺织品，因为
它假定这些已经被洗了几次的织物上含有的NPE的量极少，几乎可以忽略不计)可知，回收的织物里NPE的含量很低。B.RecycledtextilecontainlessNPE.(回收的织物含更少的NPE)符合以上说法，故选B项。【39题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其是第一段的EUmembers'stateshaveagreedtobanatoxicsubstancewidelyfoundinclothingbecauseitposesan''acceptablerisk''tothe
environment.(欧盟的成员国已经同意禁止一种广泛存在于服装中的有毒物质，因为它对环境构成了“可接受的风险”)可知，本文主要讲述了欧盟禁止在织物中使用一种对环境有害的物质NPE，这种物质在织物清洗时会释放到水中，影响水环境，进而影响水中鱼类的生长。由此推测本文很有可能出现在网页的环境相关的板块。D.Environment.(环境)符合以上说法，故选D项。
(B)
Letters
CommentsontheMarchIssue40SmartWaystoSaveattheSupermarket
YourcautionnottofallforfakesalesremindedmeofwhenIwasastockboyatmyneighborhoodgroceryinthe1950s.Onetime,wegotadeliveryofoff-bandvegetables.Ipricedthemattencentsacan.Idon’tthinkwesoldmorethansixcans--untilIputupsignthatsaid“Special:Ninefor$1.”IsetthemoutThursdayevening,andbynoononSaturdaytheyweregone.
EdwardDeckerd,Perrywille,Missouri
TrappedInsideaGlacier
ReadingaboutJohnAll’sexperienceonMountHimlungwasveryinspiringtome.Amanwith15brokenbonesandbleedinginternallybeingabletoclimbupa70-footwalloficeandsurvivefor18hoursat20,000feetissomethingthatIwouldhavethoughtobeimpossible.Iam16yearsoldandalifelongreader.OutofallthegreatcontentinReader’sDigest,storieslikehisaretheonesIenjoythemost.
SamKieffer,Richardson,Texas
Bill’sLast,BestGift
TrackGrant’sarticleresonated（与……产生共鸣）deeplywithme.Twelveyearsago,myhusband,Don,wasdiagnosedwithterminalbraincancer.Ashiscaregiver,I,too,learnedtoappreciatethepeopleandthingsaroundmeandnottosweatthesmallstuff,andinthelongrun,Ibecameamuchbetterperson.Donalsogavemehislast,bestgiftofloveandpeace.
AntiaLawrence,SanDiego,California
DishesProfessionalChefsCookintheMicrowave
Microwavinglivelobstersininhumaneandcruel.Becauselobstersfeelpain,Switzerlandhasrecentlyoutlawedthepracticeofboilingthemlive.AsimilarlawwaspassedinItaly,whereitisnowillegaltoputlobstersonicebeforecookingthem.Ihopeyouprovideanupdatetoyourstorypromotinghumanepracticesinsteadofcruelandviolentones.
JanetToole,
Phoenixville,Pennsylavnia
40.HowdidAntiaLawrencereacttoherhusband’sdiagnosis?A.Shefeltverypainful.
C.Shepaidmoreattentiontoherownhealth.husband.
41.AccordingtoSamKieffer’sletter,whatcanbelearnaboutJohnAll?A.Heisanexpertinmountaineering
B.HewrotethearticleentitledTrappedInsideaGlacier.C.Notallpeoplecouldsurviveinthesamesituationashedid.
D.HisstoryisthebestonethatSamKiefferhaseverreadinReader’sDigest.42.Whoislikelytodisagreewithwhatissaidinthecommentedarticle?A.EdwardDeckerd.C.SamKieffer.
【答案】40.B41.C42.D【解析】
这是一篇应用文。文章列举了四个读者对3月份期刊上部分故事的评论。【40题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三栏的Ashiscaregiver,I,too,learnedtoappreciatethepeopleandthingsaroundmeandnottosweatthesmallstuff,andinthelongrun,Ibecameamuchbetterperson.(作为他的看护人，我也学到了感谢身边的人和事，而不是因小事而烦恼，从长远来看，我成了一个更好的人)可知，在照顾丈夫的病的过程中AntiaLawrence也学到了人生的经验。B.She
B.AntiaLawrence.D.JanetToole
B.Shegainedsomelifelessons.D.Sheshoweddeepsympathyforher
gainedsomelifelessons.(她获得了一些人生的经验)符合以上说法，故选B项。【41题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二栏的Amanwith15brokenbonesandbleedinginternallybeingabletoclimbupa70-footwalloficeandsurvivefor18hoursat20,000feetissomethingthatIwouldhavethoughtobeimpossible.(一个有着15根断骨和内部流血的人能够爬上70英尺高的冰墙，并在20000英尺的高空存活18小时，这在我看来是不可能的)由此判断出，SamKieffer认为并非所有人都能像JohnAll一样在那样的环境中幸存。C.Notallpeoplecouldsurviveinthesamesituationashedid.(并非所有人都能像JohnAll一样在那样的环境中幸存)符合以上说法，故选C项。【42题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一栏的Ihopeyouprovideanupdatetoyourstorypromotinghumanepracticesinsteadofcruelandviolentones.(我希望你能更新你的故事，提出人道而非残酷和暴力的方法)可知，JanetToole希望作者更新故事提供用人道方法烹饪龙虾，由此推测她不同意作者的说法。D.JanetToole符合以上说法，故选D项。
(C)
Whatmakesuslovesomethingsandhateothers?Weknowthatsometimeseventhetiniestchangecanresultinahugedifferenceinhowweperceivesomething,soisthereanyrhymeorreasontoourtastesandpreferences?Herearethreefactorswhichplayarole.
1.Conformingtoexpectation
InLondonafewyearsago,twotalentedrapperscalledSilibilN'Brainstooktothestagetoperformatamusicindustryshowforunsignedbands.Theywereaninstanthit.TheiroutrageousWestCoast-Americanstyle,brilliantraplyricsandcouldn't-care-lessattitudehadthemusicindustry'stalentspottersfallingoverthemselvestosignthepair.Inashortspaceoftime,SilibilN’Brainshadadealwithatopmanagementcompany,acontractwithamajorrecordlabelandanadvanceof$70,000--andtheyhadn’tevenmadearecord.Beforelong,theywereontourwithEminemandoutpartyingwithMadonna.Theywerelivingthedream.
Buttwoyearsagothesametworapperswerelaughedoffstagebythesametalentspottersforsingingthesamesons.Sowhatwasthedifference?Amazingly,itwastheiraccent.Yousee,SilibilN'Brainsweren't,infact,fromWestCoastU.S.A.atall.TheywerefromDundeeinScotland.DuringthefirstauditiontheyhadusedtheirScottishaccentswhenrappingandithadnotgonedownwell.''Theyjustlaughedatus,''recalledBrains.''Wewereheartbroken.WewentbacktoScotlandwithourtailbetweenourlegs''.Thelessonforthemwasthattosucceed,youhavetoconformtoexpectationsandatthattimeeveryoneexpectedrapperstobeAmerican.
2.Thebenefitofhindsight
Somepeoplearesimplyaheadoftheirtime.It'scommonknowledgethatVincentvanGoghsoldonlyonepaintinginhislifetime-theother900orsowereunknownandunloveduntilafterhisdeath.Monet’spaintings.atleastinhisearlycareer,wasconsideredincompleteanduglybycriticsatthetime,whileVermeer,thepainterofGirlWithaPearlEarring,evenhadtousehismother-in-lawasaguarantorwhenheborrowedmoney--sounablewashetosellanyofhiswork!Nowthatpublictastehascaughtupwiththeseartists,moreorlessanythingtheytouchedhasanastronomicalpricetagattachedtoit.Perhapsthereasonisthatitjusttakesawhiletogetusedtosomething-afterall,notallbeautyisobviousatfirstsight.
3.Areassuringpricetag
Inaworldwheretherangeofproductsonoffercanbecompletelybewildering,weoftenlooktopriceasanindicationofquality.Wemaythinkweprefertheexpensivewinetothecheapone,butwemaysimplybeinfluencedbythepricetag.Evenprofessionalscanmakethemistake.AresearcherfromtheUniversityofBordeauxinFrancetookanaveragebottleofredwineandpoureditintotwoemptybottles,onwithanexpensivelabelandtheotherwithacheapone.Thenheinvited57wine''experts''totastethewine.Fortyofthemrecommendedthewinefromtheexpensivebottle,describingitas''agreeable'',''complex'',''balanced''and''rounded''.whilethesamewinefromtheexpensivebottle,describingitas''agreeable'',''complex'',''balanced''and''rounded'',whilethesamewinefromthecheapbottlewasdescribedas''weak''and''flat'',withonly12oftheexpertsrecommendingit.ThestudymadetheresearcherunpopularwiththeFrenchwinetasters,buthedidprovethatpricehasasignificantimpactontaste.
43.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutSilibilN’Brainsistrue?A.Talentspottersfellinlovewiththematfirstsight.B.TheyarefromtheWestCoastofAmerica
C.TheirsuccesswasattributedtobehavingandsoundinglikeAmericanrappers.D.TheywerefriendswithfamousstarslikeMadonnaevenbeforetheysucceeded.44.Theunderlinedphrases''withourtailbetweenourlegs''indicatesthat_________.A.theirfirstauditionprovedafailureBtheyfeltproudoftheirperformance
.
C.theylearnedavaluablelesson
D.beinghumblemightcontributetotheirfuturesuccess45.Wecaninferfromthesecondfactorthat________.
A.someartistsarebetterknownwhentheyarealivethanwhentheyaredeadB.publictasteusuallyfallsbehindfamousartistsC.beautyatfirstsightlastsmuchlonger
D.Monet'spaintingsarepricelessbecauseoftheirincompleteness
46.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?
A.Apricetagalwaysfailstoindicatethequalityofaproduct.B.Apricetagislesslikelytoconfusecustomersthanthepackaging.C.LowpricewillmakethewineunpopularwithtastersD.Apricetagwillcloudaperson’sjudgementofsomething.【答案】43.C44.A45.B46.D【解析】
这是一篇说明文。众所周知，微小的变化也会影响人们对事物的喜好，文章列举了三个扮演者重要角色的因素：符合期望、后见之明、一个让人安心的价格标签。【43题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的Theywereaninstanthit.TheiroutrageousWestCoast-Americanstyle,brilliantraplyricsandcouldn't-care-lessattitudehadthemusicindustry'stalentspottersfallingoverthemselvestosignthepair.(他们一炮而红。他们蛮横的美国西海岸风格，令人记忆深刻的说唱歌词以及漠不关心的态度，使音乐行业的人才鉴赏家们争先恐后地签下这对组合)可知，SilibilN'Brains的成功是因为他们的说唱具有美国西海岸的风格以及他们演唱时的表现。C.TheirsuccesswasattributedtobehavingandsoundinglikeAmericanrappers.(他们的成功归功于他们的表现和听起来像美国说唱歌手的风格)符合以上说法，故选C项。【44题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第三段的DuringthefirstauditiontheyhadusedtheirScottishaccentswhenrappingandithadnotgonedownwell.''Theyjustlaughedatus'',recalledBrains.''Wewereheartbroken.WewentbacktoScotlandwithourtailbetweenourlegs''.可知，在第一次试镜中，他们在说唱时使用了苏格兰口音，但不受欢迎。Brains回忆到：”他们嘲笑我们。”“我们很伤心，我们withourtailbetweenourlegs回到了苏格兰。”根据上下文语境，可知划线部分指的是上文提到的“第一次试镜失败”的事情。A.theirfirstauditionprovedafailure.(他们的第一次试镜证明是一个失败)符合以上猜测，故选A项。【45题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段的Somepeoplearesimplyaheadoftheirtime.It’scommonknowledgethatVincentvanGoghsoldonlyonepaintinginhislifetime--theother900orsowereunknownandunloveduntilafterhisdeath.(有些人就是走在时代的前面。众所周知，梵高一生只卖了一幅画——其余900幅左右都是在他死后才为人所知)和Nowthatpublictastehascaughtupwith
theseartists,moreorlessanythingtheytouchedhasanastronomicalpricetagattachedtoit.(因为大众的品味已经赶上了这些艺术家，他们接触的任何东西都或多或少贴上了天价标签)可推测，大众的品味通常落后于著名艺术家，因为他们总在艺术家去世之后很久才意识到那些画作的艺术价值。B.publictasteusuallyfallsbehindfamousartists(大众的品味通常落后于著名艺术家)符合以上推测，故选B项。【46题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段的Inaworldwheretherangeofproductsonoffercanbecompletelybewildering,weoftenlooktopriceasanindicationofquality.Wemaythinkweprefertheexpensivewinetothecheapone,butwemaysimplybeinfluencedbythepricetag.(在一个产品多得令人眼花缭乱的世界里，我们常常把价格看作是质量的标准。我们可能认为我们更喜欢昂贵的酒而不是便宜的，但其实我们可能只是受到了价格标签的影响)和ThestudymadetheresearcherunpopularwiththeFrenchwinetasters,buthedidprovethatpricehasasignificantimpactontaste.(这项研究让这位研究人员在法国品酒师中不受欢迎，但他确实证明了价格对口感有很重要的影响)可知，价格标签会影响人们对商品的判断。D.Apricetagwillcloudaperson'sjudgementofsomething.(价格标签会影响一个人对某物的判断。)符合以上说法，故选D项。SectionC
Directions:Readthefollowing.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.
AreBamboo-EatingPandasReallyHerbivores?
Ontheoutside,giantpandaslooklikeherbivores(食草动物).Theyspendnearlyalloftheirwakinghourseatingbamboo.Butontheinside,they'rebuiltlikecarnivores(食肉动物).Abouthalfofthecaloriestheyeatcomefromprotein,accordingtoanewstudy.
Theancestorofgiantpandaswereomnivorous(杂食的).Theyarebothanimalsandplants,andhadthedigestivesystemandgutbacteriatometabolize(使发生新陈代谢)them.Theyhad''umamitastereceptors'',toappreciatetheflavorsofmeat.
However,about2.4millionyearsago,thingsbegantochange.____47____Theirjawandteethevolvedtohelpthemcrushbamboo,andtheirwristbonebecamecapableofgraspingthestalks(杆)oftheirfavoriteplant.Scientiststhinkpandasswitchedtoeatingbamboopartlybecausetheydidn'thavetofightwithotheranimalstogetit.Bambooishighinfiberbuthasalowconcentrationofnutrients,sopandashavetoeat20to40poundsoftheplanteverydayjusttoget
by.
DavidRaubenheimer,anutritionalecologistattheUniversityofSydney,andhiscolleaguesputGPStrackersontwogiantpandasandfollowedtheirmovementthroughouttheyear.Theydiscoveredthatthepandasfollowedtheprotein.____48____Atthestartofthecycle,theyateBashaniafargesiileavesuntiltheygotthechancetofeastonyoungshoots,whichcontainedmoreprotein.
Themoretheshootsgrew,themoretheirproteinwasdiluted(冲淡)byfiber.Thatcausedthepandastomovetohigherground,whereFargesiaqinlingensisgrew.First,theyatetheshoots,butthese,too,wentfrombeingprotein-richtofiber-richastheygrew.Thepandarespondedbyswitchingtotheleaves._____49_____Theresearchersfoundthatabouthalfofthecaloriesthepandasatewereintheformofprotein.
_____50_____''Theycanknowexactlywheretogo,andwhentogo,sotheycangetthemostofthenutrientsthattheirecosystemcanprovide,''saidSilviaPineda-Munoz,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy.
Theworkalsoshowsthatclassifyingananimalsasherbivoreorcarnivoreismorecomplexthanonemightsassume.''It'snotwhetheryou’reeatingplantsbutwhatoftheplantsyou’reeating,''saidPineda-Munoz.
A.BetweenAugustandApril,theysoughtfoodinlowelevations(海拔)onChina'sQinlingMountains.
B.Scientiststhinktheresearchshowthatpandasareveryclever.
C.Pandaseatbambooalldaylongexceptwhentheyaresleepingorplaying.D.Thegenefortheir''umamitastereceptors''becameinactive.
E.TheyfedonthemuntiltheywentbackdownthemountainandstartedeatingBashaniafargesiileavesagain.
F.Scientistshaveconductedmanystudiesonpandas'eatinghabits.【答案】47.D48.A49.E50.B【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述一项研究发现，大熊猫的内在是动物的结构，它们看起来吃竹子，其实摄入的大部分是蛋白质，这是它们喜欢吃嫩枝以及每天吃大量竹子的原因。并介绍了大熊猫从食肉到食草的转变过程。将动物分类为食草动物或食肉动物比人们想象的要复杂得多。【47题详解】
上文However,about2.4millionyearsago,thingsbegantochange.(然而，大约240万年前，事情开始发生改变)与D.Thegenefortheir''umamitastereceptors''becameinactive.(它们的“鲜味受
体”基因变得不活跃)承接自然，选项是对上文改变的具体说明，change和become是关键词，故选D项。【48题详解】
下文Atthestartofthecycle,theyateBashaniafargesiileavesuntiltheygotthechancetofeastonyoungshoots,whichcontainedmoreprotein.(在这个周期的开始，它们吃巴山木竹的叶子，直到有机会饱餐含更多蛋白质的嫩枝)与A.BetweenAugustandApril,theysoughtfoodinlowelevationsonChina'sQinlingMountains.(8月和4月之间，它们在中国秦岭山脉的低海拔地区寻找食物)承接自然，下文中的thecycle就是选项提到8月到4月在中国秦岭山脉的低海拔地区寻找食物的活动，故选A项。【49题详解】
上文First,theyatetheshoots,butthese,too,wentfrombeingprotein-richtofiber-richastheygrew.Thepandarespondedbyswitchingtotheleaves.(首先，它们吃嫩枝，但随着它们的生长，这些嫩枝也从富含蛋白质变成富含纤维。熊猫的反应是转向叶子)与E.TheyfedonthemuntiltheywentbackdownthemountainandstartedeatingBashaniafargesiileavesagain.(它们以它们为食，直到它们回到山下，再次开始吃巴山木竹的叶子)承接自然，上下文话题一致，都讲述熊猫先以嫩枝为食，然后转向以叶为食，故选E项。【50题详解】
下文''Theycanknowexactlywheretogo,andwhentogo,sotheycangetthemostofthenutrientsthattheirecosystemcanprovide,''saidSilviaPineda-Munoz,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy.(“它们可以准确地知道去哪里，什么时候去，所以它们可以获得生态系统所能提供的大部分营养”SilviaPineda–Munoz说，她没有参与这项研究)与B.Scientiststhinktheresearchshowthatpandasareveryclever.(科学家认为这项研究表明熊猫很聪明)承接自然，下文是熊猫聪明的具体表现，故选B项。IV.SummaryWriting
51.Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.
HerbalMedicine
Herbalmedicine,whichhasbeenusedformedicinalpurposes,istheuseofplantstotreatdiseases.Manyherbalistsusetheentireplant,fromtheflowers,stems,leaves,androots,intheformofeverythingfromteastopills.Theseplantscontainnatural,chemicalthingsthatcantreatthebody
foravarietyofdiseases,suchasallergies,asthma,rheumatoidarthritis,migraine,chronicfatigue,andcancer,amongothers.
Nowadaysanincreasingnumberofpeopleprefertoadopttheseplantstotreattheirdiseasesbecause,comparedwithchemicalmedicine,herbalmedicinehasitsownadvantages.Herbalmedicineandremediesaremoreeffectivethanchemicalmedicineforcertaindiseases.Thechemicalmedicinegivenbyachemistcouldhavecertainnegativesideeffects.However,manyoftheherbalmedicineandremediestonothavenegativesideeffects.Ifany,theyaresofterthanchemicalmedicine.Obesityisthecauseofmanyofthehealthproblems.Herbalmedicinecanhelpweightlossmoreeffectivelyandimproveoverallhealth.
However,thecureusingherbalmedicineandsupplementswouldtakesometime,andthereforepeoplearesupposedtopossessenoughpatience.Worsestill,herbalmedicinecontainsavarietyofingredientsandpeoplehavetobesurethattheirbodyagreeswiththeingredientsandthatitisnotallergic.
Apointworthmentioninghereisthatherbalremediesandmedicineforcertainillnessesmayhavenegativesideeffects.Thesesideeffectsmaynotbeshownatonce,butwouldtakemonthsorevenyears.Intheearlystages,iftheherbalmedicineisnotagreeingwithyou,itiswisetostopusingit.
Whenusedcorrectlyanddirectedbydoctors,herbscanhelptreatavarietyofdisease.Butkeepinmindthattheherbalmedicineindustryisnotregulated,soherbalproductsareoftenmisleadingandmaycontainadditivesthatarenotlistedonthelabel.Someherbsmaycauseallergicreactionsorinteractwithotherdrugs,andsomearepoisonousifusedimproperlyorathighdoses.Takingherbsonyourownincreasesyourrisk.
【答案】Herbalmedicine,abstractedfromentireplantsinvariousforms,isawaytotreatsomedisease.(要点1)Ithasmoreadvantagesoverchemicalmedicineowingtoitsbettereffectivenessandmildersideeffects.(要点2)However,herbalmedicinealsohasdisadvantagesliketime-consumingrecovery,possiblerecovery,possibleallergy.(要点3)Therefore,itisadvisableforustouseherbscautiouslyincaseofpotentiallyriskyconsequences.(要点4)【解析】【分析】
这是一篇概要写作。现在越来越多人喜欢采用草药来治疗疾病，基于该现象，作者通过这篇文章介绍了草药的优缺点。
【详解】通读全文，我们可以从以下四个方面对本文进行总结：草药，以各种形式从植物种提取，是一种治疗疾病的方法；和化学药物相比，它具有更好的疗效和更小的副作用；草药
也有缺点，例如恢复耗时长、可能的恢复，以及过敏可能。因此，医生建议我们谨慎使用草药，以免出现潜在的危险后果。
故可总结为：Herbalmedicine,abstractedfromentireplantsinvariousforms,isawaytotreatsomedisease.(要点1)Ithasmoreadvantagesoverchemicalmedicineowingtoitsbetter
effectivenessandmildersideeffects.(要点2)However,herbalmedicinealsohasdisadvantagesliketime-consumingrecovery,possiblerecovery,possibleallergy.(要点3)Therefore,itisadvisableforustouseherbscautiouslyincaseofpotentiallyriskyconsequences.(要点4)V.Translation
Directions:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.52.一闻到这种蛋糕的味道我就总会想起童年。(associate)
53.我们不能想当然地认为我们永远不会面对危险生命的紧急情况。(grant)54.尽管这些产品价格昂贵，但它们经久耐用，永不过时。(as)
55.让许多孩子感到烦恼的是家长们似乎没有充分意识到保护隐私的重要性，总喜欢在社交媒体上发布孩子的照片。(bother)
【答案】52.Ialwaysassociatethesmellofthecakewithmychildhood.
53.Wecan’ttakeitforgrantedthatwewillneverfacelife-threateningemergencies.54.Expensiveastheseproductsare,theylastlongandnevergooutofstyle.
55.Whatbothersmanychildrenisthattheirparentsseemnottobefullyawareoftheimportanceofprotectingprivacyandalwaysliketoposttheirchildren’sphotosonsocialmedia.【解析】【52题详解】
考查固定短语。根据提示可知，一般现在时是本句的基础时态；associate…with…“把……和……联系在一起”，childhood“童年”，smellofthecake“蛋糕的味道”，再结合其他汉语提示，故本句可译为：Ialwaysassociatethesmellofthecakewithmychildhood.【53题详解】
考查固定句型。根据提示可知，一般现在时是本句的基础时态；takeitforgrantedthat…“认为……理所当然”，life-threateningemergencies“威胁生命的紧急情况”，face“面对”，再结合其他汉语提示，故本句可译为：Wecan’ttakeitforgrantedthatwewillneverfacelife-threateningemergencies.【54题详解】
考查as引导让步状语从句。根据提示可知，一般现在时是本句的基础时态；as引导让步状语时需倒装，其结构为adj/adv/n/v+as+sb./sth.+v，lastlong“经久耐用”，gooutofstyle“过时”，expensive“昂贵的”，再结合其他汉语提示，故本句译为：Expensiveastheseproductsare,theylastlongandnevergooutofstyle.【55题详解】
考查动词用法和从句。根据提示可知，一般现在时是本句的基础时态；本句设计一个主从句和表语从句，可用固定句型what…isthat…“……是……”，bother“使……烦恼”，befullyawareof“充分认识到”，post“发布”，theimportanceofprotectingprivacy“保护隐私的重要性”，再结合其他汉语提示，故本句可译为：Whatbothersmanychildrenisthattheirparentsseemnottobefullyawareoftheimportanceofprotectingprivacyandalwaysliketoposttheirchildren'sphotosonsocialmedia.
【点睛】第3小题考查as引导让步状语从句的倒装
as/though引导让步状语从句时需倒装，其结构通常为为adj/adv/n/v+as/though+sb./sth.+v(提前名词时需省略冠词)，例如：
Kingas/thoughhewas,hewasunhappy.尽管是国王，他不幸福。Successfulas/thoughheis,heisnotproud.尽管很成功，但他不骄傲。
Muchas/thoughIlikePairs,Icouldn’tlivethere.尽管我很喜欢巴黎，但我不能住在那里。Tryas/thoughhemight,hecouldnotsolvetheproblem.尽管他想尽办法，但还是不能解决这个问题。
VI.GuidedWriting
56.Directions:WriteanEnglishcompositionin120-150wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelowinChinese.
假设你是明启中学高三学生王磊，你经常阅读的英语报刊正在征集读者对于“学生最应该学会什么”的不同意见。你对此话题很感兴趣，写一篇文章表达你的观点，内容包括：1.你认为学生最应该学会什么？2.结合自身情况谈谈你这么认为的理由。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Deareditors,
Hearingthatyouarelookingforsomeopinionson“Whatchildrenshouldlearnmost”,Ifeelhonoredtobeabletosharemyviewswithyou.
Personallyspeaking,I’mstronglyagainsttheideathatchildrenshouldspendalloftheirsparetimelearningplayingthepiano,Englishoranyothersubjects.AsfarasI’mconcerned,childrenshouldfirstequipthemwiththeabilitytotellrightfromwrong.
WhenIwasachild,Iwasoncecaughtcheatingintheexam.IfeltsoembarrassedthatIwishedthefloorwouldopenup.Tomysurprise,myteacherdidn’tyellatmebuthadatalkwithmeinprivate.FromtheprivatetalkIgainedalessonthatIshouldnevertakeawrongshortcuteventhoughIameagertosucceed.
Nowadayschildrenareoftentoldthattheyshouldachievetheirgoalswhatevertheydo,whichleadsthemtowrongwayssometimes.Hence,learninghowtotellrightfromwrongisthefirstandmostimportantthingchildrenshouldlearn.
Thankyoufortakingtimetoreadmyletter.Ihopemyopinionswillbeadifferentvoiceamongallthelettersreceived.
Yourssincerely,
WangLei
【解析】【分析】
这是一篇应用文。本篇要求考生给英语报刊的编辑写信，发表自己对“学生最应该学会生么”的观点。
【详解】体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态应以一般现在时为主结构：总分总要求：
1.你认为学生最应该学会什么？2.结合自身情况谈谈你这么认为的理由。第二步：列提纲（重点词组）
lookfor/sharesth.withsb./spendtimeindoingsth./asfarassb.beconcerned/equip…with…/toone’ssurprise/beeagertodosth./leadto第三步：连词成句
Hearingthatyouarelookingforsomeopinionson“Whatchildrenshouldlearnmost”,Ifeelhonoredtobeabletosharemyviewswithyou.
I’mstronglyagainsttheideathatchildrenshouldspendalloftheirsparetimelearningplayingthepiano,Englishoranyothersubjects.
Inmyopinion,childrenshouldfirstequipthemwiththeabilitytotellrightfromwrong.WhenIwasachild,Iwasoncecaughtcheatingintheexam.IfeltsoembarrassedthatIwishedthefloorwouldopenup.
Tomysurprise,myteacherdidn’tyellatmebuthadatalkwithmeinprivate.
FromtheprivatetalkIgainedalessonthatIshouldnevertakeawrongshortcuteventhoughIameagertosucceed.
Nowadayschildrenareoftentoldthattheyshouldachievetheirgoalswhatevertheydo,whichleadsthemtowrongwayssometimes.
Learninghowtotellrightfromwrongisthefirstandmostimportantthingchildrenshouldlearn.Thankyoufortakingtimetoreadmyletter.
Ihopemyopinionswillbeadifferentvoiceamongallthelettersreceived.第四步：连句成篇（加入衔接词或从句）表示并列的连词：and/but/or/so…
状语从句连词：because/if/though/although…定语从句连词：which/that/when/where…第五步：修改润色（加入高级词汇或短语）
【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了一些高级表达，例如：Hearingthatyouarelookingforsomeopinionson“Whatchildrenshouldlearnmost”,Ifeelhonoredtobeabletosharemyviewswithyou.中使用了现在分词作状语，that引导宾语从句；Personallyspeaking,I’mstronglyagainsttheideathatchildrenshouldspendalloftheirsparetimelearningplayingthepiano,Englishoranyothersubjects.中that引导同位语从句。
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