英语常用结构归纳
1． IT
It 强调句
1) It is /was +强调部分+that/who…
It was a glass that Mary broke.
It is a question that needs careful consideration.
2) Is /was it +强调部分+that/who…?
3) Where/What/How（特殊疑问词）+ is/was it that…
How is it that you will go to visit her tomorrow?
It作形式主语
1) It is + adj. + of/for sb. to do sth.
It is necessary for everyone to master a foreign language.
It is generous of him to lend his newly-bought digital camera.
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2) It so happened that…碰巧
It so happened that I won the football lottery last week.
3) It occurs to sb. that… 突然想到
It never occurred to me that Tom would be made chairman of the Students’ Union.
4) It is reported/believed /estimated/said/ well-known/rumoured that…
It is said that the site of an ancient city has been discovered at the bottom of the lake.
5) It is + adj. (important, necessary, strange, natural, surprising) that sb. should do sth.
It is important that enough money should be collected to fund the project.
6) It is +n. + that…
It is a fact that the earth moves around the sun.
It is a pity/shame that he should not come.
7) It is likely that… = sb./sth. be likely to do sth… 有可能
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It is likely that they don’t know how to deal with the pressure from study.
It 作形式宾语
1) V. (feel, make, find, consider) + it +adj./n. to do sth.
I find it hard to cooperate with those who stick to their own opinions.
2) V. (feel, find, make, consider) +it +adj./n. + that从句
The company made it a rule that whoever is late for work will be fined.
3) V. (take, have, love, appreciate) it…
I appreciate it if you could help me work the problem out.
4) It seems/appears/turns out/remains…
It appears that Tom might change his idea.
It is no use/good/a waste of time/useless doing sth…
It is no use crying over spilt milk.
It is (high/about) time that sb. did = It is time (for sb.) to do sth. = It is time for sth.
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It is high time that you went to bed.
= It is time for you to go to bed. = It is time for sleep.
take it for granted that… 想当然
I take it for granted that they will support this idea.
see to it that… 确保 (从句用一般现在时表将来)
See to it that every window is closed before you go to bed.
It is the first /second/ third time that sb. has done sth. 某人第几次做某事
It was the first/second/third time that sb. had done sth.
It was the first time that she had traveled by air.
It is (=has been) + 一段时间+ since + sb. did sth. 自从……有多久了
It is three years since he lived here.
It is two years since I stopped smoking
2． There be
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1) There is no denying that… 不可否认
There is no denying that internet has some negative effects.
2) There is no doubt that... 毫无疑问,…….
There is no doubt that health is better than wealth.
3) There's no point/sense in doing sth.……是无意义的.
There's no point in getting angry when things have happened.
4) There's no way... ……绝不可能
There's no way one could succeed without hard work.
5) There is no one but ~~~ （没有人不...）
There is no one but longs to go to college.
6) There be no/some difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth
There is no trouble in selling our car.
7) There is no doing./telling/knowing/saying 不可能……
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8) There is no need/possibility to do sth
There is no need to wait for the bus since we can take you in our car.
3． 倍数句型
1) 倍数＋比较级＋than…
The room is twice larger than that one．
There is 30 times greater chance of being hit by lightening than being attacked by a shark.
2) 倍数＋as＋原级＋as…
The room is three times as large as that one.
3) 倍数＋名词（the size ／height／length ／weight ／width） of …
The room is three times the size of that one．
4) 动词+倍数词
5) 动词+by+数词/百分比/倍数
The number of overseas visitors has increased by 30%.
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6) 分数+of+…
7) the more… the more…
The more contact I made with him, the more admiration I had for him.
8) more and more
4． before
5． can的固定搭配
1) cannot but do 只好，不得不
2) cannot help doing 忍不住
3) cannot… too… 无论怎样……也不为过
4) cannot help （to ）do 不能帮助做某事
6． 表示花费
7． 表示“原本要，但却没……”
1) was/were + to have done
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2) would/should like/love to have done
3) intended/meant/hoped/planned/expected/
wanted + to have done
= had intended/meant/hoped/planned /expected +to do
I had planned to visit you on National Day, but I was too busy.
3.It was + 时间段 + before….过了多久才…. ;
It was not long before… 不久就…
It will ( not ) be + 时间段 + before …要过多久 ( 不久)…..才…..
Eg. It was not long before he sensed the danger of the position.
It was three years before he came back.
It will be half a year before you graduate from this school.
It is / ( has been ) + 时间段 + since + 过去式
It is / has been two years since his father died.
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= his father has been dead for two years. = his father died two years ago.
他的父亲去世两年了.
It has been 8 years since I graduated from university.
= I graduated from university 8 years ago.
It is 3 years since he smoked. 他三年不吸烟了.(即,从句动词延续性的,译成否定意义;从句动词非延续性的,译成肯定意义.)
It is 3 years since he left school.-----他毕业三年了.
7….until…直到…时候; not…until…直到…才…
You are to stay here until / till your mother comes back.
The meeting was put off until ten o’clock.
Not until we watched the Earth Day program on TV did we know much about global warning.
= We did not know much about global warning until we watched the Earth Day program.
= It was not until we watched the Earth Day program on TV that we knew
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much about global warming.
Not until he failed in the exam did he realize that he had wasted much time playing computer games.
46. it + seem / appear that 句型
句型转换:
(1). It seems that he is enjoying himself. = he seems to be enjoying himself.
(2). It seems that he has been admitted to Beijing university. = He seems to have been admitted to Beijing university.
(3). It appears that there has been a mistake. = there appears to have been a mistake.
47. it is thought / considered / believed that…..句型
句型转换:
(1). It’s believed that China promises to be among the powerful countries in the world.
= China is believed to promise to be among the powerful country in the world.
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(2). It is believed that he has been working hard and will be given a rise by the boss.
= He is believed to have been working hard and to be given a rise by the boss.
53. It’s up to sb to do …..由…..来; 靠….来…
Whether we give up or go on with the experiment, it’s all up to our tutor professor to decide.
It’s up to you to babysit my son when I am away on business.
Be up to sth胜任,从事于
Michael is not really up to that job.
They are whispering in the corner as if they are up to no good.
55. it 强调句
强调句的基本构成:It is / was + 被强调部分+ who/that + 剩余部分
原句的谓语动词如果是现在或将来时态用It is ….that / who….
如原句的谓语动词是过去时态,则用It was….that/who….
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强调时间,地点,原因或方式时不要用when, where, how,必须用that.
(1)I saw him in the street yesterday afternoon.
---It was I who saw him in the street yesterday afternoon.
(2)when did you see him in the street?
----when was it that you saw him in the street?
(3)who did you see in the street yesterday?
----who was it that you saw in the street yesterday?
(4)he didn’t go to bed until his mother came back.
----It was not until his mother came back that he went to bed.
(5) I don’t know when he will come back.
----I don’t know when it is that he will come back.
(6) It is only when you nearly lose someone that you fully realize how much you value him.
----Only when you nearly lose someone, you fully realize how much you value
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him.
(7)It wasn’t until his father came back from work that he got down to doing his homework.
(8) It was because the traffic was very heavy during the rush hour, I was late again.
59. It occurred to me that…我突然想到…..
It occurred to me that I had ever seen him before.
It occurred to me that I should ask the police for help.
61. it’s your turn to…轮到你….
It’s your turn to make a few remarks at the meeting.
Whose turn is it to be on duty/ it’s my turn.
62. it’s time to do….该是做….的时候了
It’s time for us to meet challenges and to prove our abilities.
It’s time for us to fight against the enemy and defend our motherland.
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66. when it comes to sth….当谈到…..; 临到….情况
When it comes to helping his wife with the housework, John never complains.
When it comes to playing computer games, he would be very excited and full of energy.
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