倒装句
英语句子的自然语序是主语在前，谓语动词在后。如果把谓语动词放在主语之前，就称为倒装结构；如果谓语全部放在主语之前，就称为完全倒装；如果只把助动词、be动词或情态动词放在主语之前，就称为部分倒装。
完全倒装
1. 以here, there, now, then开头，谓语动词是be, come, go, follow 等词，主语为名词。 例：Now comes your turn to answer the questions.
2. 以up, down, out, in, away, off 等表示移动方向的副词开头的句子, 谓语通常为go, come, rush, fly, fall 等不及物动词，主语为名词。 例：Out rushed the boy.
【注意】 以上两种句型中，若主语是代词，即使here, there, now, then, up, down, out, in, away, off 等放在 句首，也不用倒装。
例：Out he rushed. Here you are!
3. 表示地点的介词短语或副词 (短语如on the wall, under the tree, in front of the house, in the middle of the room等) 位于句首，谓语是不及物动词，主语是名词。 例：Between the two buildings stands a tall tree. East of the city lies a big river.
4. 表语位于句首，构成 “形容词 / 现在分词 / 过去分词+连系动词+主语” 结构。 例：Present at the meeting were Professor Smith and many other guests. 5. 代词such作表语，位于句首时。
例：Such are the facts: no one can deny (拒绝) them. 6. 保持句子平衡或使上下文衔接更紧密时。
例：Inside the pyramids (金字塔) are the rooms for the kings and queens and long passages to these rooms.
例题赏析：
— Is everyone here?
— Not yet. Look , there _______ the rest of our guests!
A. come B. comes C. is coming D. are coming
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高中英语讲义
【解析】谓语动词根据后面的主语可知是完全倒装，因此选择A。
完全倒装练习
1. ________ a beautiful palace ________ the foot of the hill. A. There stand; at
B. There stands; under
C. Stands there; under D. There stands; at
2. ________ from the top of the building when the policeman pointed the gun at him. A. Jumped down the robber B. Jumped the robber down C. Down jumped the robber D. Down the robber jumped 3. ________ are the days when teachers were looked down upon. A. Gone B. Go A. lies Chongqing
C. To go D. Going
4. At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River________, one of the ten largest cities in China.
B. Chongqing lies
C. does lie Chongqing D. does Chongqing lie 5. For a moment nothing happened, then ________ all shouting together. A. voices had come B. came voices C. voices would come D. did voices come
部分倒装
1. only修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句，且放在句首时。 例：Only in this way can we learn English well. Only when he returned did we find out the truth.
【注意】（1）only在句首修饰状语从句时，从句不倒装，主句需部分倒装。 （2）only在句首修饰主语时，句子不倒装。
例：Only Senior 3 students are allowed to enter this reading room.
2. never, hardly, scarcely, seldom, little, not until, not, in no case等表示否定意义的副词或短语位于句首。 例：Hardly had we arrived home when it began to rain. Not until he took off his dark glasses did I recognize him.
3. 表示前句所说的某种情况也适合于另外的人或物，用 “so/neither/nor+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语”。 例：He is a teacher. So am I.
只要坚持 梦想总会实现
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高中英语讲义
【注意】（1）“so+主语+助动词/be动词/情态动词”是对前面内容的肯定或附和。 例： --- It is a fine day today. --- So it is.
（2）若前句情况较复杂，既有否定又有肯定，或既有be动词又有助动词，则用 “So it is with sb./sth.” 或 “It is the same with sb./sth.” 结构。 例：Tom is a student and he studies hard. So it is with his sister.
4. not only…but also…连接并列的句子，且not only放在句首时，前句倒装，后句不倒装。 例：Not only does he know English well, but also he speaks fluent French. 5. neither…nor…连接并列的句子，前后两句都倒装。
例：Neither will he settle in America nor will he allow his children to do so.
6. so…that…; such…that…中的so或such及修饰的成分放于句首时前句倒装，后句不倒装。 例：So angry was the father that he could not say a word.
（因为谓语动词只有一个be动词，因此be放在主语之前，形成全部倒装。） So fast did time fly that half a year had gone by before I knew it.
7. as引导的让步状语从句中，表语 (名词、形容词)、状语 (副词)、动词原形位于句首，主语和谓语语序不变。表语是可数名词单数时，冠词省略。
例：Try as I would, I couldn’t make him change the plan.
8. 当if虚拟条件句中谓语部分含有were, should 或助动词had时，可以省略if，把were, should或had放 到句首，形成部分倒装。
例：Were it to rain tomorrow, we would not go sightseeing.
9. 在以often, well, many a time, now and again 等方式或频度副词(短语)开头的句子中,要用部分倒装结构。 例：Often have we made that test. 10. 用于某些表示祝愿的句子里 例：May you succeed!
例题赏析：
1. — It’s nice. Never before____ such a special drink! — I’m glad you like it.
A. I have had B. I had C. have I had D. had I
只要坚持 梦想总会实现
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高中英语讲义
【解析】never是否定副词，置于句首，句子要部分倒装；由语意可知说话人以前从未喝过这样特别的饮 料，应该用现在完成时，故选C项。
2. Only when he reached the tea-house ______ it was the same place he’d been in last year.
A. he realized B. he did realize C. realized he D. did he realize
【解析】Only引导的状语从句位于句首，应把主句中动词的助动词提前构成部分倒装，故选D项。
部分倒装练习
6. Little ________ about her own safety, though she was in great danger herself.
A. did Rose care B. Rose did care C. Rose does care D. does Rose care 7. Not until I came home last night ________ to bed.
A. Mum did go B. did Mum go C. went Mum D. Mum went 8. It was announced that only when the fire was under control ________ to return to their homes. A. the residents would be permitted B. had the residents been permitted C. would the residents be permitted D. the residents had been permitted 9. — Have you ever seen anything like that before? — No, ________ anything like that before.
A. I never have seen B. never I have seen C. never have I seen D. I have seen
10. Only when the meeting was over________ go back to meet his friend. A. he could B. he was able to C. was he able to D. was able to he
倒装句练习
1. Many a time ________ swimming alone. A. the boy went B. went the boy
C. did the boy go
D. did go the boy
2. At no time ________ the rules of the game. It was unfair to punish them. A. they actually broke B. do they actually break
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C. did they actually break D. they had actually broken
3. Not once ________ to Michael that he could one day become a top student in his class. A. occurred it
B. it did occur
C. it occurred D. did it occur
4. John opened the door . There _____ he had never seen before.
A. a girl did stand B. a girl stood C. did a girl stand D. stood a girl 5. The headmaster will not permit the change in the course, nor ________ it a thought. A. does he even given B. he even gives C. will he even give D. he will even given
6. Never before ________ seen anybody who can play tennis as well as Robert. A. had she
B. she had
C. has she D. she has
7. — It’s nice. Never before ________ such a special drink! — I’m glad you like it.
A.I have had B. I had C. have I had D. had I 8. Only after they had discussed the matter for a few hours ________ a decision A. they reached B. did they reach C. they reach D. do they reach 9. Hardly ________ the airport when the plane took off. A. I had arrived at B. had I arrived C. had I reached D. I had got to 10. So sudden ________ that the enemy had no time to escape. A. did the attack B. the attack did C. was the attack D. the attack was
参考答案：
只要坚持 梦想总会实现
高中英语讲义
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1-5 DCAAB 6-10 ABCCC 1-5 CCDDC 6-10 CCBCC
只要坚持 梦想总会实现 高中英语讲义
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