介词：用来表示物体间的关系
1. 表示时间的介词
a. 在…时候
at, 表示时间点，at noon, at 12:00
in, 常用在年，月或者一段时, in October, in 2016, in the morning
on, 常用在某天或特定的上午，下午，晚上
on Sunday, on the morning of December the third, on the morning of January 1st, on time, 准时，固定搭配
before，在…之前，Before Christmas
after， 在…之后， After the First World War
b. 表示将来的一段时间
in+时间段
after+时间点
My father will be back in three days.
My father will be back after three o’clock.
My father will be back after three days later.
c. 表示持续的一段时间，常与完成时连用
since+时间点，自从，Tom has been doing his homework since seven o’clock.
for+时间段，I have lived in Dalian for three years.
d. 在…期间
during, 整个时间段多次发生，He often falls asleep during the class.
through, 从头到, We are playing in New Zealand through November.
over, 等于during. She will stay in Paris during Christmas.
一边，一边, We had a pleasant chat over a cup of tea.
by, 到 … 为止，by the beginning of the century
All of you are to arrive at school by seven o’clock.
until, till, 直到…时候， until last week,
I shall wait until ten o’clock.
I didn’t go to sleep until midnight.
2. 表示地点的介词
in, 在…里，in the box,
on, 在…上面， on the desk, on the wall
有时，in也可以表示在…上，但是表示物体以外的东西在上面
on表示物体本身生出的东西
There are lots of apples on the tree.
The birds are singing in the tree.
over, 在…上面， She looked herself in the mirror over the table.
under, 在…下面，The little mouse is under the table.
正上，正下，斜上，斜下
above, 在…上面，He lifted his hands above his head.
below, 在…下面，The path runs below a long brick wall.
across, 从物体表面穿过，
through， 从物体中间穿过，
He walked across the fields.
He walked through the forest.
in, on, to, off可以表示两地方位，比较
Liaoning province lies in the northeast of China.
Liaoning province is to the south of Heilongjiang Province.
Russia is on the north of China. 接壤
Mary lives in a flat just off Bridge Avenue. 两地隔着一小段距离
among, 在…中间, 三者以上
between，在…中间，两者之间
They hid themselves among the trees.
There was a flight between the two boys.
3. 表示方式、手段的介词
by, 通过…, She earns her living by selling insurance
by sea, by water, by air, by land,
by ship, by boat, by plane, by train
on, on this plane, on foot, on a horse, go to school by bike
with, use
We see with our eyes, hear with our ears, and walk with our legs
in, express, 语言，笔，大小写字母
Please answer me in English.
Please write in capital letters.
The artist wrote in ink.
固定搭配
on/over the telephone
in this way
by this means
with this method
4. 表示原因的介词
with, feeling,
Her face went red with anger.
for, reason
The West Lake is famous for its scenery.
from, 由于， die from hunger, 饿死， tremble from fear由于害怕而发抖
by, 由于， by mistake由于失误 by good luck由于运气好
5. 表示支持或反对的介词
for, agree with
against, not agree with
6. 表示目的的介词
for 为了…, I am going to apply for a job.
Are you for or against the new road scheme?
That’s against the law.
7. 表示数量的介词
其他常考介词
except, except for, not include
besides, in addition to
We all passed the exam except Tom.
He has always been busy except when it is Sunday.
Your coat is good except for its color.
We have lots of things in common besides music.
besides, 还可以做副词
I don’t want to go, besides, I am too tired.
but=except
No other students passed the difficult maths exam but Mary.
一些常用介词的不同用法
1. with用法
a. together
Would you like to go to the theatre with us?
b. 表示伴随
Temperatures vary with the time of the year.
c. 表示原因
The small child trembled with fear.
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