SECTION 1 Vocabulary Selection In the section, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices respectively marked by letters A,B,C and D. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentences. There is only ONE right answer.
第1题：
Some philosophers insist that one way to ______ knowledge is through an empirical approach.
A.disseminate B.classify C.test D.acquire
参考答案：D 答案解析：
词义辨析。 A. disseminate散布；B．classify分类，分等：C．test测试，检验；D．acquire指经过不断努力而逐步获得或得到某种知识、技能、做事的方式等。
第2题：
Training programs for the U.S. Peace Corps are conducted in the country or region ______the volunteer will serve.
A.and B.or
C.that is D.where
参考答案：D 答案解析：
结构识别 所填之词与后面的部分构成定语从句，修饰前面的中心词the country or region，因此需填一个引导定语从句、表示地点的关系副词，因此D为答案。
第3题：
John is handsome ______ the scar on his face.
A.although B.even if C.instead of D.despite
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参考答案：D 答案解析：
近义辨析。 A.although(连词)尽管，虽然(通常用在从句前)＝in spite of the fact that； B．even if (连词)即使，尽管(even if的从句中含有强烈的假定性)；C．instead of(介词)代替……，而不；D．despite(介词)尽管＝in spite of___后面跟名词或名词性短语)；因此D为答案。
第4题：
However, unfulfilled ______ of technology application have created a gap between earth observation services and the application markets not integrated into the economic mainstream.
A.charges B.pledges C.mergers D.charts
参考答案：B 答案解析：
词义辨析A.charges 负荷，费用，充电；B．pledges 保证，誓言，抵押；C．mergers合并；D．charts图表，海图；本句意为：然而，技术应用未能兑现承诺造成在地球观测服务领域与未能融入经济主流的市场应用之间形成缺口。在此unfulfilled pledges 是固定用法，表示：未能兑现承诺；因此B为答案。
第5题：
Good pencil erasers are soft enough not ______ paper but hard enough so that they crumble gradually when used.
A.by damaging
B.so that they damage C.to damage D.damaging
参考答案：C 答案解析：
语法应用。 “enough+不定式”(足够……能)结构常置于形容词后作状语，表示结果：本句是这一结构的否定式；所以C是答案。
第6题：
She dropped her voice as she started to ______ that she had fallen in love with the poet.
A.impress B.express C.suppress D.confess
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参考答案：D 答案解析：
形近识别 A.impress盖印，留下印象；B．express表达，表示；C．suppress镇压，抑制，查禁； D．confess承认，坦白，忏悔(尤指承认或坦白自己所做的错事或令自己感到窘迫的事)。所以答案为D。
第7题：
When it started to snow, we turned round and ______ the hotel.
A.got by
B.searched for C.made for D.cleared up
参考答案：C 答案解析：
习语辨析。 此句意为“天开始下雪，我们转身……旅馆”；get by通过，过得去，(勉强)过活，search for搜寻，探求：make for(匆匆)走向，有助于，clear up清理，收拾，消除，(天气)放晴，因此应选C．转身向旅馆走去。
第8题：
______ Roman mythology, god Jupiter was accepted as the most powerful one.
A.Like B.For C.With D.In
参考答案：D 答案解析：
介词辨析 本句意为：在罗马神话中，Jupiter(朱庇特)被认作是最强大的(相当于希腊神话中的 Zeus宙斯)；因此应用介词in，D为答案。
第9题：
I was discharged in 1947 and, motivated by intellectual curiosity, decided upon a career in medical research at a time when such a choice was not ______.
A.fashionable B.adaptable C.welcome
D.warmhearted
参考答案：A 答案解析：
形容词辨析 A.fashionable流行的，时髦的；B．adaptable能适应的；
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C．welcome受欢迎的； D．warmhearted热心肠的，亲切的；因此选项A为答案。
第10题：
A baby might show fear of an unfamiliar adult, ______ he is likely to smile at another infant.
A.if
B.whenever C.so that D.whereas
参考答案：D 答案解析：
结构识别 本句前后意义相反，因此应选用表示转折的连词；因此D为答案。
第11题：
Language learning usually ______ conscious imitation.
A.inspires B.enriches
C.necessitates D.stimulates
参考答案：C 答案解析：
动词辨析 A.inspire鼓舞；B．enrich充实；C．necessitate使……成为必要；D．stimulate激励；因此 C为答案。
第12题：
Because the United States has little tin, ______ produced in the rest of the world.
A.tin is used B.it uses tin C.uses of tin D.uses tin
参考答案：B 答案解析：
结构识别 逗号前的是原因状语从句，后面是主句；原因状语从句的主语应与主句主语一致，因此答案为B。
第13题：
Most nurses are women, but in the higher ranks of the medical profession women are a
A.scarcity B.minority
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C.minimum D.shortage
参考答案：B 答案解析：
词义辨析。 A．scarcity缺乏，不足，罕见：B．minority少数，少数民族；C．minimum最小值：D．shortage不足，缺乏；因此选项B为答案。
第14题：
Orson accused the man ______ the theft.
A.for B.of C.in D.on
参考答案：B 答案解析：
固定搭配。 accuse sb．of sth．指控，控告，职责；因此B为答案。
第15题：
The Japanese have decided to impose incredibly high tariff on agricultural imports from China. What do you think will ______?
A.litter B.splash C.ensue D.encounter
参考答案：C 答案解析：
动词辨析A.litter乱扔，乱丢；B．splash溅，泼，溅湿；C．ensue跟着发生，继起；D．encounter偶遇，巧遇；而本句意为：日本决定对中国的几种农产品加征巨高的进口税，你认为会有什么后果?因此C为答案。
第16题：
He drove fast and arrived an hour ______ schedule.
A.in advance B.before C.by
D.ahead of
参考答案：D 答案解析：
固定搭配。 A. in advance预先，事先，在前面；如；We paid the rent in advance．我们预付了房租。B. before在……之前，C．by经，按照； D．ahead
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of在……之前，提前，ahead of schedule是固定搭配，表“提前”。
第17题：
As a result the composers ended up taking home tapes of real
performances rather than desperately struggling to ______ the notes.
A.get at B.get over C.get on
D.get through
参考答案：D 答案解析：
习语辨析 A.get at 到达，了解，意指；B．get over爬过，克服；C．get on生活，融洽相处，进展； D．get through到达，做完，度过；因此D为答案。
第18题：
______ into oceans and rivers is a serious form of pollution.
A.Pouring sewage B.Emptying litter C.Throwing garbage D.Dumping sewage
参考答案：D 答案解析：
近义辨析。 用pour表“倒掉”之意时，应用pour away；empty litter倒空垃圾；throw garbage扔垃圾；dump sewage倾倒污水，排污；这里指“排污到江河海洋中”，因此D为答案。
第19题：
Marketing is ______ just distributing goods from the manufacturer to the final customer.
A.rather than B.other than C.bigger than D.more than
参考答案：D 答案解析：
习语辨析。 A.rather than胜于，B．other than不同于，除了；C．bigger than大于；D．more than多过……，不止……，……以上；如：The consequence was much more than he imagined．结果远超过他的想象。本句意为：营销不仅仅是将货物从生产者向最终客户的分配。因此选D。
第20题：
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I'm so tired that I can't take ______ what you're saying.
A.up B.out C.in D.on
参考答案：C 答案解析：
习语辨析。 take up拿起，开始从事，吸收；take out拿出，出发，取得，take in接受，吸收，理解，take on披上，呈现，承担，接纳，因此选项C为答案。
SECTION 2 Vocabularly Replacement This section consists of 15 sentences; in each sentence one word or phrase is given in the brackets. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices respectively marked by letters A,B,C and D. Choose the word or phrase that can replace the part without causing any grammatical error or changing the basic meaning of the sentence. There is only ONE right answer.
第21题：
As the proverb says: He that shuts love out, (as a result), shall be shut out from love.
A.in order B.in return C.in rotation D.in turn
参考答案：D 答案解析：
固定搭配 as a result：结果，作为结果；A. in order 整齐，状况良好；B. in return 作为报答，作为回报；D. in turn 依次，轮流；此句意为：那些将爱关在外边的人也会被爱关在外边；因此D为答案。
第22题：
When Mary discovered how treacherous the streets could be, she
demanded that her boys stay close to her in the church gym and youth center, and the boys were (as good as gold), listening to every word she says.
A.very naughty B.very obedient C.faithful D.patient
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参考答案：B 答案解析：
形容词辨析 as good as gold(小孩)有礼貌的，乖的；(人)很亲切；而A.very naughty非常淘气、顽皮，没规矩的；B．very obedient服从的，非常孝顺的；C．faithful守信的，忠实的，可靠的；D．patient耐心的，忍耐的。所以答案为B。
第23题：
International regulation may be necessary to (address) a problem of this kind that technology is likely to throw up in the next decade.
A.tackle B.stifle C.sniffle D.trigger
参考答案：A 答案解析：
动词辨析 address a problem/question/issue表示：开始设法解决问题。例：Our products address the needs of real users．我们的产品试图满足真正使用者的需求。而丸tackle固定，应付(难事等)，处理，解决；B．stifle使窒息，抑制；C．sniffle鼻子哼哼的做声，抽鼻涕； D．trigger引发，引起，触发。所以答案为A。
第24题：
Miguel's perplexity is understandable -- he's an (all-purpose) maintenance man at a midtown-Manhattan residential building.
A.all out B.versatile C.prolific D.capable
参考答案：B 答案解析：
形容词辨析。 all-purpose．万用的，万能的。A．all out竭尽全力的，B．versatile万能的，多才多艺的，多面手的；C. prolific多产的，丰富的， D．capable有能力的，能干的。
第25题：
In just three years, the Net has gone from a playground for the local people to a vast communications and trading center where millions swap information or do deals around the world.
A.business B.shopping
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C.chatting D.meeting
参考答案：A 答案解析：
名词辨析。 deals交易，买卖，A．business商业，买卖，交易，生意，商行，B．shopping买东西，购物；C．chatting聊天；D．meeting会议，机会，会战；因此选项 A为答案。
第26题：
What may be the oldest fossil footprint yet found was discovered in June 1968 by William J.Meister, a (non-professional) fossil collector.
A.a part-time B.a spare-time C.an untrained D.an amateur
参考答案：D 答案解析： 形容词辨析。 A.apart-time部分时间的，非全日的，兼职、兼任的；B．a spare-time；C． an untrained未经训练的；D．an amateur业余爱好者；而non-professional非专业的，非职业的，因此D是答案。
第27题：
The (hub) of commerce is located near the capital.
A.station B.example C.nucleus D.remnant
参考答案：A 答案解析：
名词辨析 A.station位置，基地；B．example例子，榜样；C．nucleus核子；D．remnant残余，剩余；而hub表示中心，枢纽；所以A为答案。
第28题：
Nineteenth-century scholars tried to (trace) the origins of modern languages to ancient Hebrew.
A.limit B.connect C.convert D.draw
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参考答案：B 答案解析：
动词辨析。 trace追踪，查找，追溯，探索，limit限制，限定：connect联结，把……联系起来，由……联想到，convert使转变；转换，draw汲取，领取，引起：所以答案为B。
第29题：
Motivation is the driving force within individuals that (impels) them to action.
A.impedes B.interferes C.holds D.pushes
参考答案：D 答案解析： 动词辨析。 impels推动，推进，激励，趋势；A.impedes阻止，B．interferes 干涉，妨碍，抵触，C．holds保存，把握；D．pushes推动，推行，逼迫；因此选项 D为答案。
第30题：
As the debate of women's rights continued, the women's movement began to (gain ground), but soon it received a major setback.
A.get floor
B.obtain profit C.get a place D.go forward
参考答案：D 答案解析：
习语辨析 gain．ground开始接纳，变得更成功了；例：His theories gradually gained ground among academics．他的理论逐渐被学术界所接纳。而A.get the floor得到发言权；B．obtain profit得到好处；C．get a place得到职位，获得前三名(指赛马)；D．go forward(朝着更大的进步，发展和改进的方向)前进。所以答案为D。
第31题：
If you can't dig into the field you have chosen for your pursuit, it is hardly possible for you to (achieve) anything significant in the field.
A.acquire B.require C.accompany D.accomplish
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参考答案：D 答案解析：
动词辨析。 achieve 完成，达到。A．acquire获得，学到；B．require要求，命令，C．accompany陪伴，伴随：D．accomplish完成，达到，实现。
第32题：
Jim was a stout old gentleman, with a weather-beaten (countenance).
A.body B.skin C.shoulder
D.passionate interest
参考答案：B 答案解析：
名词辨析。 countenance面容，脸色，支持：A.body身体，肉体，团体；B．skin皮肤，外皮；C．shoulder肩，肩部，D．passionate interest强烈的兴趣，因此选项B为答案。
第33题：
The doctor preferred to resign rather than be accused publicly of infamous conduct.
A.unknown
B.extraordinary C.mysterious D.disgraceful
参考答案：D 答案解析：
形容词辨析。 unknown不知道的，未知的；extraordinary非常的，特别的：mysterious神秘的；disgraceful可耻的，有损名誉的；infamous声名狼藉的；所以D为答案。
第34题：
Contrary to popular belief, (assumption) that we are not alone in the universe is as old as philosophy itself.
A.consumption B.prediction C.provision D.speculation
参考答案：D 答案解析：
形近识别 assumption假定，设想；而A.consumption消费，消费量；
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B．prediction预言，预报； C．provision供应，供应品；D．speculation思索，构思，推测。所以答案为D。
第35题：
Most species of this plant (thrive) in ordinary well-drained garden soil and they are best planted 8 cm deep and 5 cm apart.
A.develop well B.grow taller C.mature D.bear fruit
参考答案：A 答案解析：
动词辨析。 thrive 兴旺，繁荣，茁壮成长；A.develop well生长，发展，发育得好， B．grow taller渐渐长高；C．mature成熟，到期；D．bear fruit结出果实，奏效，因此选项A为答案。
SECTION 3 Error Correction This section consists of 15 sentences; in each sentence there is a part given in the brackets that indicates a grammatical error. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices respectively marked by letters A,B,C and D. Choose the word or phrase that can replace the part so that the error is corrected. There is only ONE right answer.
第36题：
(Erosion that is a slow process), but it constantly changes the features on the surface of the earth.
A.which is B.although C.being D.is
参考答案：D 答案解析：
结构应用。 本句是由but连接的并列结构，前后均应有完整的主谓结构，划线部分中的that使前句成为一个从句，去掉它则句子成立，因此D为答案。
第37题：
I (cannot thank you very much) for your kindness, I owe my success to you.
A.so B.too
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C.as D.enough
参考答案：B 答案解析：
习惯搭配。 can not…too…是固定搭配，表示“再……也不为过，越……越好”；答案为B。
第38题：
She told me that she (has already gone) to the United States four times before she attended that conference.
A.had already been B.has already been C.already went
D.was already going
参考答案：A 答案解析：
习惯搭配及时态应用 “已去过美国四次”(现在已回来)应用have been to，而不用have gone to；此外“去美国”(has already been to the United States)这一动作发生在“告诉”(told)之前，应用过去完成时had already been to；所以答案为A。
第39题：
Having finished lunch, the case was discussed.
A.they discussed the case B.they had discussed the case C.the case was discussed
D.the case had been discussed
参考答案：A 答案解析：
结构应用。 现在分词短语作状语时，其逻辑主语应与句中主语一致。句中只能是they在discuss，分词逻辑主语是they，句子主语也应是they，所以选项C、D均不对；而前半句用的是现在分词的完成式，表示动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前，所以选项A是答案。
第40题：
I see four kinds of pressure working on college students today: economic pressure, parental pressure, peer pressure, (but) self-induced pressure.
A.and B.or C.nil
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D.with
参考答案：A 答案解析：
连词应用。 此句意为：我看到有四种压力影响着现今的大学生：来自经济的压力、父母的压力、同龄人的压力以及自己造成的压力。主句先总括，后面分述四种压力，它们是并列的，所以应用并列连词and，or表示否定，nil是名词，意为“零，无”；with是介词。
第41题：
The hard, out surface of the tooth is called enamel.
A.outside B.appearance C.outer D.hiding
参考答案：C 答案解析：
形容词应用。 outside和outer均有“外部的”意思。但outside一般指物体的外表或表面；而outer指一种相对性，即相对于内部而言的外部或外表；appearance外貌，外观；hiding隐匿；在此指牙齿的外表面，是相对于内部而言的，因此选项 C为答案。
第42题：
The hard, (out) surface of the tooth is called enamel.
A.outside B.appearance C.outer D.hiding
参考答案：C 答案解析：
形容词应用。 outside和outer均有“外部的”意思。但outside一般指物体的外表或表面，而outer指一种相对性，即相对于内部而言的外部或外表， appearance外貌，外观，hiding隐匿：在此指牙齿的外表面，是相对于内部而言的，因此选项 C为答案。
第43题：
(Through) receiving financial support from family, community or the government, is allowed, it is never admired.
A.As B.Once C.Although D.Lest
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参考答案：C 答案解析：
词语运用 本句意为：尽管一个人可以接受家庭、社区或政府所提供的资助，但是他是不被人们羡慕的。因为从语义上判断，上下句之间是转折关系，因此C为答案。
第44题：
We will show how the International Olympics have commercialized internationally, and are financed (from) corporate and private sponsorships and how this funding scenario can be used to fund new projects.
A.within B.into C.through D.than
参考答案：C 答案解析：
固定搭配 本句意为：我们将显示奥运如何已在世界范围内商业化并从社团和私人赞助商筹措资金；我们还将显示这种积聚基金的方法也能运用于投资新的计划。finance筹措资金；例：finance through borrowing 借债筹资；因此C为答案。
第45题：
The dense Belgian fogs (is caused) by the cooling of humid surface air to a relatively low temperature.
A.must cause
B.will be caused C.are caused
D.has been caused
参考答案：C 答案解析：
结构应用 本句主语为fogs，是复数，表示：比利时的浓雾是由于湿润的地面空气冷却到一个相对较低的温度后形成的；应用一般现在时的被动语态，因此C为答案。。
第46题：
I regret to have not paid more attention to our English lessons at school.
A.not paying
B.not having paid C.have not paid D.not to have paid
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参考答案：B 答案解析：
结构应用。 本句考察的是非谓语动词的使用，句意为：我后悔上学时没好好学英语。“regret+动名词”表示“对过去做过事情的后悔”；“regret+不定式” 表示“对尚未做或正在做的事情的后悔”：选项C、D都不对；另外在此，动名词所表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前，应用动名词的完成式，所以只有选项B正确。
第47题：
All in all, it is now beyond doubt that in size and scope the rapid global spread of the habit (to wear) jeans, however it may be
explained, is an (accident) without precedent in the history of human attire.
A.of wearing... incident B.wearing... event C.of wearing... event
D.to be wearing... incident
参考答案：C 答案解析：
结构应用与名词应用 本句要表达的是：……穿牛仔裤的习惯……是人类服装史上没有先例的一个事件。“穿……的习惯”应用the habit of wearing...；incident和event都表示“事件”，但incident常用来表示一个不平常、重要的或激烈的事件；而event常用来表示某事的发生是有趣、令人振奋、或不平常、重要的。例：A spokesman said it was an isolated incident．发言人说这只是一个孤立的事件。 One of the most important events in the history of mankind. 人类历史上最重要的事件之一。因此答案为C。
第48题：
That touching toads causes warts (are) still one of the most widely believed superstitions in America.
A.has
B.have been C.had been D.is
参考答案：D 答案解析：
结构应用 本句是由that引导的名词性从句作主语，表语也是单数形式，讲得又是事实，因此谓语也要用一般现在时的单数形式；D为答案。
第49题：
People whose property (is stolen) should report to the police.
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A.had stolen
B.is being stolen C.had been stolen D.has been stolen
参考答案：D 答案解析：
时态应用 本句意为：丢失了东西的人(东西被偷的人)应报告警察。因为东西已经被偷，应用完成时的被动语态，又因是泛指，所以应是现在完成时的被动语态；答案为D。
第50题：
In doing Chinese-English translation, the translator may run into more difficulties (than English-Chinese translation).
A.than in English-Chinese translation
B.than in doing English-Chinese translation C.than doing English-Chinese translation D.than to do English-Chinese translation
参考答案：B 答案解析：
结构应用 本句意为：翻译者在将中文译成英语时遇到的困难比将英语译成中文时遇到的多。句子的结构应为：The translator may run into more difficulties in doing Chinese-English translation than in doing English-Chinese translation．对比的两个事物的结构应该一致，所以答案为B。
PART 2 Reading Comprehension (55 points) In this part you will find a number of questions or unfinished statements after each passage. You must choose one letter (marked A,B,C, and D) you think fits best. The time for this part is 75 minutes.
Computer programmer David Jones earns ￡35,000 a year designing new computer games, yet he cannot find a bank prepared to let him have a check card. Instead, he has been told to wait another two years, until he is 18.
The 16-year-old works for a small firm in Liverpool, where the problem of most young people of his age is finding a job. David's firm releases two new games for the expanding home computer market each month.
But David's biggest headache is what to do with his money. Despite his salary, earned by inventing new programs within fight
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schedules, with bonus payments and profit-sharing, he cannot drive a car, take out a mortgage, or obtain credit cards.
He lives with his parents in their council house in Liverpool, where his father is a bus driver. His company has to pay ￡150 a month in taxi fares to get him the five miles to work and back every day because David cannot drive.
David got his job with the Liverpool-based company four months ago, a year after leaving school with six O-levels and working for a time in a computer shop. \"I got the job because the people who run the firm knew I had already written some programs,\" he said. \"I suppose ￡35,000 sounds a lot but actually that's being pessimistic. I hope it will come to more than that this year.\" He spends some of his money on records and clothes, and gives his mother ￡20 a week. But most of his spare time is spent working.
\"Unfortunately, computing was not part of our studies at school,\" he said. \"But I had been studying it in books and magazines for four years in my spare time. I knew what I wanted to do and never considered staying on at school. Most people in this business are fairly young, anyway.\" David added, \"I would like to earn a million and I suppose early retirement is a possibility. You never know when the market might disappear.\" 第51题：
Why is David different from other young people of his age?
A.He earns an extremely high salary. B.He is employed.
C.He does not go out much.
D.He lives at home with his parents.
参考答案：A 答案解析：
细节题型． 从第一段得知：计算机程序设计员大卫·琼斯设计新的电脑游戏，每年能挣35 000磅，但却没有一家银行能为他开支票簿；他被告知还要等两年，直到他到18岁时才行。第二段第一句谈到：大卫·琼斯，16岁，为利物浦的一家小公司工作；而大多数与他同龄的年轻人面临的问题却是找一份工作。因此他不同于其他同龄人的是他挣着一份相当高的薪水，选项A为答案。
第52题：
David's greatest problem is ______.
A.making the banks treat him as an adult B.inventing computer games C.spending his salary D.learning to drive
参考答案：C
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答案解析：
细节题型 见第三段第一句：But David's biggest headache is what to do with his money．但是令大卫最为头痛得却是不知该拿他的钱怎么办。因此答案为C。
第53题：
He was employed by the company because ______.
A.he had worked in a computer shop
B.he had written some computer programs C.he works very hard
D.he had learned to use computers at school
参考答案：B 答案解析：
细节题型 见第五段第二句：“I got the job because the people who run the firm knew I had already written some programs,”he said．他说：“因为开那家公司的人知道我已经编了一些程序了，所以我得到了这份工作。”因此答案为B。
第54题：
He left school after taking 0-levels because ______.
A.he did not enjoy school
B.he wanted to work with computers and staying at school did not help him
C.he was afraid of getting too old to start computing D.he wanted to earn a lot of money
参考答案：B 答案解析：
细节题型 从第四、五段得知：大卫一年前在得到6门普通水平的教育证书(six 0-levels)后离开学校，在一家计算机商店工作了一段时间；四个月前在一家利物浦的公司找到了这份工 作。他说：“不幸得是，计算机处理不是我们学校学习的一部分，但我利用业余时间从书和杂志上学习了四年。我了解自己想要干什么，我从没考虑过一直呆在学校里(继续学习)。”因此答案为B。
第55题：
Why does David think he might retire early?
A.You have to be young to write computer programs. B.He wants to stop working when he is a millionaire.
C.He thinks computer games might not always sell so well. D.He thinks his firm might go bankrupt.
参考答案：C 答案解析：
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细节题型 见最后一段最后两句：大卫补充说：“我想挣个一百万，可能会早些退休；因为人们无法预知何时市场就会消失。”因此大卫认为他可能会早些退休的原因是他认为电脑游戏不可能总是卖得那么好，C为答案。
Stress is with us all the time. It comes from mental or emotional activity as well as physical activity. It is unique and personal to each of us. So personal, in fact, that what may be relaxing to one person may be stressful to another. For example, if you're a busy executive who likes to keep occupied all of the time, \"taking it easy\" at the beach on a beautiful day may be extremely frustrating, nonproductive, and upsetting. You may be emotionally distressed from \"doing nothing.\" Too much emotional stress can cause physical illnesses such as high blood pressure, ulcers, or even heart disease. Physical stress from work or exercise is not likely to cause such ailments. The truth is that physical exercise can help you to relax and to better handle your mental or emotional stress. 第56题：
Which of the following people would find \"taking it easy\" stressful?
A.Construction workers. B.Business executives. C.Farm workers. D.Truck drivers.
参考答案：B 答案解析：
细节题型。 见文章第五句：For example，if you're a busy executive who likes to keep occupied all of the time，“taking it easy” at the beach on a beautiful day may be extremely frustrating，nonproductive，and upsetting．选项B．Business executives是答案。
第57题：
Which of the following would be a determinant as to what people find stressful?
A.Personality. B.Education.
C.Marital status. D.Shoe size.
参考答案：A 答案解析：
推断题型。 由文章第三句(It is unique and personal to each of us．压力是独特且因人而异的。)和第五句的举例来看，因人而异不是B．Education所受教育；C． Marital status婚姻状况；D．Shoe size鞋的尺寸，由此可推论出
“因人而异”指的是个性不同对压力的感受有所不同，所以选项
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A.Personality正确。
第58题：
This article, published by the Department of Health and Human Services, probably came from the ______
A.Federal Bureau of Investigation
B.Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration C.Education Administration
D.Communicable Diseases Administration
参考答案：B 答案解析：
推断题型。 由于本文是由the Department of Health and Human Services(人类健康和公共事业部)发表的谈论压力问题的文章，应当不属于 A.Federal Bureau of Investigation(联邦调查局)；C．Education Administration(教育部)；D．Communicable Diseases Administration(传染病管理部门)负责的范围，而是B．Alcohol， Drug Abuse，and Mental Health Administration(酗酒、滥用毒品和精神健康管理部门)负责的范围。所以选项B正确。
第59题：
A source of stress NOT specifically mentioned in this passage is ______
A.educational activity B.physical activity C.mental activity D.emotional activity
参考答案：A 答案解析：
是非题型。 由文章第二句(It comes from mental or emotional activity as well as physical activity．)可知没有明确提及的压力来源只有选项A.educational activity。
第60题：
Physical problems caused by emotional stress can appear as all of the following EXCEPT ______
A.ulcers B.pregnancy
C.heart disease
D.high blood pressure
参考答案：B 答案解析：
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细节题型。 从文章倒数第三句(TOO much emotional stress can cause physical illnesses such as high blood pressure，ulcers，or even heart disease．)看出太大的情感压力可能导致身体疾病，包括A.ulcers溃疡：C．heart disease心脏病；D．high blood pressure高血压；选项B．pregnancy没在其中，所以是答案。
第61题：
One method mentioned to help handle stress is ______
A.physical exercise B.tranquilizers C.drugs
D.taking it easy
参考答案：A 答案解析：
细节题型。 文章最后一句(The truth is that physical exercise can help you to relax and to better handle your mental or emotional stress．)强调：体育锻炼能有助于人们放松且更好地应对精神或情感压力。
Mr. Faugel was convinced that student nervousness had affected their scores; to reduce the anxiety of these students who had already been tested, he gave 22 of them a beta blocker before readministration of the test. Their scores improved significantly. The other 8 students (who did not receive the beta blockers) improved only slightly. Second-time test-takers nationwide had average improvements which were similar to those in Faugel's non-beta blocker group. Beta blockers are prescription drugs which have been around for 25 years. These medications, which interfere with the effects of adrenalin, have been used for heart conditions and for minor stress such as stage fright. Now they are used for test anxiety. These drags seem to help test-takers who have low scores because of test fright, but not those who do not know the material. Since there can be side effects from these beta blockers, physicians are not ready to prescribe them routinely for all test-takers. 第62题：
Where is the only place a person can obtain beta blockers?
A.Supermarket.
B.Convenience store. C.Stationary store. D.Doctor's office.
参考答案：D 答案解析：
细节题型。 见文中：Beta blockers are prescription drugs which have
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been around for 25 years．β-受体阻滞药是一种已存在25年左右的处方类药。既是处方药，当然要从医生处获得了。
第63题：
Why are beta blockers not prescribed regularly?
A.Students are expected to do poorly. B.There are side effects.
C.The drugs are only 25 years old. D.They cause test anxiety.
参考答案：B 答案解析：
细节题型。 见文中最后一句：Since there can be side effects from these beta blockers，physicians are not ready to prescribe them routinely for all test-takers．由于β-受体阻滞药可能存在副作用，所以医生们并不愿意给所有的考试者当常规药来开。由此得知是由于此药的副作用，医生们并不经常开：所以B是答案。
第64题：
According to the passage, ______.
A.all people can take beta blockers B.beta blockers are widely prescribed C.beta blockers work only on test anxiety
D.beta blockers work only to improve test scores if the test-taker truly knows the material
参考答案：D 答案解析：
推断题型。 根据对以上几题的解析，可排除选项A和B。又根据文中These drugs seem to help test-takers who have low scores because of test fright，but not those who do not know the material．(此类药似乎有助于那些由于怯场而导致分数低的考试者，却不能帮助那些不了解考试内容的人。)可推断出D是正确答案。
第65题：
\"Re-administration\" in this passage refers to giving ______.
A.the test again to people without administering beta blockers B.the test again to both groups after beta blockers have been administered to one group
C.the test to both groups of test-takers and then giving them beta blockers
D.the beta blockers without retesting
参考答案：B
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答案解析：
词义题型。 见文中：…to reduce the anxiety of these students who had already been tested，he gave 22 of them a beta blocker before readministration of the test．为减轻这些已参加过测试的学生的焦虑，他给其中22人服用了β-受体阻滞药，然后又给他们做了次测试。因此选项B．“一组人(22人)服用β-受体阻滞药后再给两组做了次测试”是正确答案。
第66题：
What possible use for beta blockers was NOT discussed in this passage?
A.Test anxiety. B.Z Pain relief. C.Minor stress. D.Heart conditions.
参考答案：B 答案解析：
是非题型，可用排除法。 由文中These medications，which interfere with the effects of adrenalin，have been used for heart conditions and for minor stress such as stage fright．Now they are used for test anxiety. 两句可知A、C、D选项均有提及，所以答案为B。
第67题：
Beta blockers work on some physical and emotional symptoms because they ______.
A.fool a person into a healthier stance B.interfere with the effects of adrenalin
C.produce side effects worse than the symptoms D.primarily change human thought processes
参考答案：B 答案解析：
细节题型。 见文中：These medications，which interfere with the effects of adrenalin…这些用来舒缓心境和较小压力如怯场的药物会干扰肾上腺素……，可知B为答案。
第68题：
Faugel's research showed that beta blockers given to his sample ______.
A.increased scores less than the national average B.increased scores the same as the national average C.decreased scores
D.increased scores much more than the national average
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参考答案：D 答案解析：
细节题型。 从文中前四句得知，“将30名参加过测试的学生分成实验组和对比组，让实验组的22名学生服用了β-受体阻滞药(而8名对比组的学生没有服用)，然后又对他们进行次测试，结果服药的学生成绩提高显著，没服药的学生成绩只略有提高，全国范围内的实验结果也证明第二次参加测试的学生成绩均有提高，与没服药的学生类似。”因此选项D．“Faugel的研究表明服药学生的成绩比全国范围内的实验结果中(没服药的)学生成绩高出许多。”是答案。
The United States government publishes guidelines for appropriate nutrient intakes. These are known as the Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs) and are updated regularly based on new research in nutrition. RDAs are suggested amounts of calories, protein, and some minerals and vitamins for an adequate diet. For other dietary substances, specific goals must await further research. However, for the U.S. population as a whole, increasing starch and fiber in one's diet and reducing calories (primarily from fats, sugar, and alcohol) is sensible. These suggestions are especially appropriate for people who have other factors-for chronic diseases due to family history of obesity, premature heart disease, diabetes, high blood pressure, and high blood cholesterol, or for those who use tobacco.
Snacks can furnish about one-fourth of the calorie requirements among teenagers. Those snacks should also provide much of the day's allowances for protein, minerals, and vitamins. Sandwiches, fruit, and milk make good snacks for active teenagers. Food from the food pyramid may be part of any meal. A grilled cheese sandwich or a bowl of whole-grain cereal is just as nutritious in the morning as it is at noon. In addition, a good breakfast consists of any foods that supply about one-fourth of the necessary nutrients for the day. 第69题：
The passage directly states that most of the U.S. population should increase their intake of ______.
A.protein B.fats
C.starch and fiber D.sandwiches
参考答案：C 答案解析： 细节题型。 见文章第一段倒数第二句：However，for the U．S．population as a whole，increasing starch and fiber in one's diet and reducing calories(primarily from fats，sugar and alcohol)is sensible．选项C正确。
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第70题：
A good breakfast should supply about what percentage of the necessary nutrients for the day?
A.One-half. B.One-third. C.One-fourth.
D.Less than one-fourth.
参考答案：C 答案解析：
细节题型。 见文章最后一句：…good breakfast consists of any foods that supply about one- fourth of the necessary nutrients for the day．选项C正确。
第71题：
The passage implies which of the following?
A.The time of day when food is consumed affects its nutritive value. B.Different foods can be combined to increase total nutrition value. C.It can be detrimental to your health to eat breakfast foods later in the day.
D.When food is eaten has no bearing on its nutritive effects.
参考答案：B 答案解析：
推断题型。 本文第一段第一和第三句介绍：美国政府公布了饮食中合理摄入营养的指导，且建议要有合理的热量、蛋白质、矿物质和维生素的摄入量；文章第二段第四句Food from the food pyramid may be part of any meal．说明每顿饭都是由食物金字塔里的食物构成的。由此推出摄取不同的食物可增加营养价值，选项B正确。
第72题：
Why are RDAs regularly updated?
A.New discoveries in the science of nutrition are constantly being made.
B.Americans' diets are constantly changing.
C.As people age, their nutritional needs change. D.Very little is currently known about nutrition.
参考答案：A 答案解析：
细节题型。 从文章第二句(These are known as the Recommended Dietary Allowances(RDAs) and are updated regularly based on new research in nutrition．)得知RDAs会根据营养学上的新发现经常更新推荐的日摄食量。所以“推荐的日摄食量经常更新的原因是营养学上经常有新的发现”，选项A正确。
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第73题：
In this passage RDAs refers to ______.
A.types of vitamins B.types of protein C.types of minerals
D.amounts of energy, protein, vitamins, and minerals
参考答案：D 答案解析：
细节题型。 见文章第三句：RDAs are suggested amounts of calories，protein，and some minerals and vitamins for an adequate diet．选项D正确，选项A、B、C都不全面。
第74题：
One implication in this passage is that ______.
A.all RDAs have been established
B.not all RDAs have been established yet C.it's not important to know RDAs
D.RDAs are necessary only for sick people
参考答案：B 答案解析：
推断题型。 见文章第二句：These are known as the Recommended Dietary Allowances(RDAs) and are updated regularly based on new research in nutrition．可知RDAs要经常更新，所以选项A不对；选项C、D也被排除；只有选项B正确。
第75题：
The reduction of calories in the diet is particularly good for people who suffer from
A.obesity
B.premature heart disease and diabetes
C.high blood pressure and cholesterol levels D.all of the above
参考答案：D 答案解析：
细节题型。 见第一段最后一句：These suggestions are especially appropriate for people who have other factors for chronic diseases due to family history of obesity, premature heart disease, diabetes, high blood pressure, and high blood cholesterol, or for those who use tobacco．选项A、B、C三个选项都提及到，但只有选项D最全面，所以D正确。
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PART 3 Cloze Test (20 points) In the following passage, there are 20 blanks representing words that are missing from the context. You are to put each of the blanks the missing word. The time for this part is 20 minutes.
Throughout history has___1___changed his physical environment in order to improve his___2___of life. With the tools of technology he has___3___many physical features of the earth. He has___4___woodlands and prairies into farms and made lakes and reservoirs___5___of rivers for irrigation purposes or hydroelectric___6___. Man has also modified the face of the earth by___7___marshes and cutting through mountains to___8___roads and railways.
However, man's___9___to the physical environment have not always had beneficial results. Today,___10___of the air and water is an increasing danger to the health of the___11___. Each day thousands of tons of gases come out of the exhausts of motor vehicles.___12___from factories pollutes the air of industrialized areas and the surrounding___13___of the countryside. The pollution of water is equally harmful. The whole ecological___14___of the sea is being changed and___15___wastes have already made many rivers lifeless.
Now___16___protection is more pressing than ever before. As we know, massive destruction of the environment has brought about___17___effects and even poses a great___18___to man's existence. Indifference to these problems will mean committing suicide. Therefore, effective___19___should be taken and laws passed to___20___the environment. Otherwise, man is certain to suffer from the serious consequences caused by this lack of care for his living surroundings. 第76题：
参考答案：
man
详细解答：
语境搭配 根据结构判断，本句是个部分倒装的句子；根据语境，能够通过改变自身生存的外部环境来改善生活方式且能运用技术工具的只有人类；且根据本段最后一句可确认此处需填之词应为man。 第77题：
参考答案：
way
详细解答：
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语境搭配 参见上面注释1；可知此处应填之词是指生活的“方式”，因此答案为way。 第78题：
参考答案：
altered
详细解答：
语境搭配 本句意为：他运用技术工具 ______ 了地球的许多自然风貌；因此在此需要填一个表示“使……发生改变”意义的词，因此答案为altered。 第79题：
参考答案：
transformed
详细解答：
词语搭配 本句意为：他将森林草原变成农庄，将河流改造成用于灌溉或发电的湖泊和水库；根据语境此处需要填一个表示“改变”且能与into连用的动词的过去分词；transform表示：完全改变某事或某物的外观、形式或性质特点，特别是用来表示改善的变化，且能与into 连用： transform somebody/something (from something) into something 例如：The movie transformed her almost overnight from an unknown schoolgirl into a megastar. (电影使她一夜之间从一个几乎不为人知的女学生变成了一个演艺巨星)；因此答案为transformed。 第80题：
参考答案：
out
详细解答：
习惯搭配 make out of用……制造，理解，了解make something from/out of something 由……制成，用……制造；例：She's very good at making things from old scraps of material. 她很善于用些废旧材料制成(新)东西。在本句中表达的意思参见第4题注释。因此应填out。 第81题：
参考答案：
power
详细解答：
29
语境搭配 参见第4题注释：他(人类)将森林草原变成农庄，将河流改造成用于灌溉或发电的湖泊和水库；根据语境此处表达的是为了灌溉的目的或水力发电的目的，因此应填power。 第82题：
参考答案：
draining
详细解答：
结构搭配及语境搭配 根据结构判断，此处需要填一个名词或名词性的词；本句意为：人类还通过排干沼泽和开山修路改变了地球的模样。根据语境判断此处应填“排水，泄水”；因此答案应为draining。 第83题：
参考答案：
build
详细解答：
结构搭配及语境搭配 根据结构判断，此处需要填一个动词原形与前面的to构成动词不定式；另参见第7题注释，本句意为：人类还通过排干沼泽和开山修路改变了地球的模样。根据语境判断此处应填“修建(公路，铁路)”；因此答案应为build。 第84题：
参考答案：
changes
详细解答：
语境搭配 此处需要填一个名词，根据语境判断应表示：人类对自然环境的改变并不总是有着好的结果。因此此处应填changes。 第85题：
参考答案：
pollution
详细解答：
语境搭配 本句意为：如今，空气和水的 ______ 对 ______ 的健康是个日益增长的危险。根据语境，此处应填之词应是pollution。 第86题：
30
参考答案：
earth/planet
详细解答：
语境搭配 下一句意为：每天都有数千吨的废气由机动车辆排放出来；因此本句讲的：“空气和水的污染对 ______ 的健康是个日益增长的危险”应指的是“地球/我们的星球”答案应为 earth/planet。 第87题：
参考答案：
Smoke
详细解答：
语境搭配 本句意为：来自工厂的 ______ 污染着工业化地区的空气和乡村附近的 ______。根据语境，此处应填smoke，表达：工厂的烟尘污染着工业化地区的空气和乡村附近的 ______。因此答案为Smoke。 第88题：
参考答案：
areas
详细解答：
语境搭配 参照第12题的注释及语境，本题应讲的是工厂的烟尘污染着工业化地区和乡村附近地区的空气；因此答案为areas。 第89题：
参考答案：
balance
详细解答：
语境搭配 上句提到：水的污染也同样是有害的。本句意为：海洋的整体生态 ______ 被改变以及废料已经使得许多河流里没有了生命；因此，此处应填balance，表示如今海洋的整体生态平衡被打破了。 第90题：
参考答案：
industrial
详细解答：
31
语境搭配 参照第14题的注释及语境，本句意为：如今海洋的整体生态平衡被打破以及工业废料已经使得许多河流里没有了生命；因此，此处应填形容词industrial。 第91题：
参考答案：
environmental
详细解答：
语境搭配 根据语境，本句意为：现在环境保护比以往任何时候都更加迫切了。因此，此处应填形容词environmental。 第92题：
参考答案：
negative
详细解答：
语境搭配 本句意为：正如我们所知，大规模的环境破坏已带来 ______ 的影响，甚至对人类的生存造成巨大的 ______。根据语境，此处应指“负面的影响或消极影响”，因此答案为名词 negative。 第93题：
参考答案：
threat
详细解答：
语境搭配 参见第18题注释，本句意为：大规模的环境破坏已带来许多负面的影响，甚至对人类的生存造成巨大的 ______ 。根据语境，此处应指“威胁”；因此答案应为名词threat。 第94题：
参考答案：
measures
详细解答：
语境搭配 上句意为：对这些问题漠不关心就意味着自杀。本句为：因此，应采取有效的 ______，制定一些法律来 ______ 环境。因此答案应为“措施即measures”。 第95题：
32
参考答案：
conserve/preserve
详细解答：
语境搭配 参见第19题注释，本句意为：因此，应采取有效的措施，制定一些法律来保护环境。因此答案可以是conserve保护……以防受损或改变；例：We must conserve our woodlands for future generations. (我们必须为我们的后代保护好我们的林地)；或preserve保护、保存……以防受损；例：We must encourage the planting of new trees and preserve our existing woodlands. (我们需鼓励植树造林，同时保护我们现有的林地)。
Ⅳ Writing In the first paragraph, you should start with your general statement, followed with your arguments in the second paragraph. You should conclude your writing in the third paragraph with suggestions or ideas of your own. Marks will be given to (1) clear overall views of subjects, (2) original ideas and clear idea organization, (3) passage cohesion and smooth language flow, (4) accurate use of words and grammar.
第96题： Instruction:
Write an essay in around 300 English words on the following subject:
What Is a Good Translator?
What are, in your opinion, the 3 basic qualifications a good
translator should have? Give your reasons. Your essay should consist of a lead-in paragraph, a concluding one and the body.______
参考答案：
略
详细解答：
33
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