Brainstorming
．Expressions for describing difficult or problem situations:
accident, event, happening, crash (of vehicles, planes etc.), shipwreck (of boats or ships etc.), overturn (of automobiles or ships etc.), sink (of boats, ships), bump (of people / vehicles hitting something)
Phrases: be in difficulty / trouble / danger, have difficulty / trouble (in) doing something, have a hard time doing something, be left stranded on / in / at, etc., be landed with (unpleasant tasks, people, etc.), be caught / stuck / jammed in (a traffic jam, etc.), get stuck, be in danger 2. Expressions of fear:
afraid, alarmed, anxious, startled, unnerved, frightened, scared, horrified, terrified, astounded, panicky, become hysterical, act frantically / furiously / desperately, live in fear, get a fright, go as white as a sheet, nearly jump out of one's skin, scared stiff 3. Expressions for solving problems:
take action, fight against, get to the bottom of things (discover the real cause of the problem),
figure / work out what to do, take measures, get / act together, put something right, find a solution, sort things out, clear things up, straighten things out 4. Expressions for rescue work:
save, help, rescue, give first aid, bandage, pull out of (a difficult situation, a calamity, etc.), dig out, save one's life, come to one's rescue / help, get somebody out of (a difficult situation), pick up somebody (from a dangerous place), be picked up (by helicopter, boat, etc.)
Listening
1. The aeroplane was circling over the airport and moving unsteadily through the air. In fact, the
pilot had fainted and nobody was flying the plane
2. When they heard the news, many passengers started to panic. The speaker could hear hopeless
and horrified screams here and there, and he himself was also scared
3. After hesitating for a while, the speaker decided that he had to do something. He unfastened
his seat belt, got up and followed the hostess into the pilot's cabin
4. First, he moved the pilot aside and took his seat. He then followed the radio instructions from
the airport below. After circling the airport several times to become familiar with the controls,
he managed to guide the plane towards the runway and landed safely
Main Idea
This text is about a boy’s adventurous hunting trip in which he was trapped in the deep hollow of a dead tree and was eventually saved with the help of his three dogs. The irony of the story is that the boy was saved by his mistakes---by the two pups whom he mistook for beagles
and had paid a big price of five dollars to buy them. 内容梗概：
本文介绍了一个小男孩的冒险打猎经历。他不幸落入了一棵松树的凹空里，最终被三只狗救了出来。这个故事讽刺效果很强：小男孩得救归功于自己的“错误”---他把两只猎犬幼仔误以为是小猎兔犬并且以五美元的高价买下了它们。
Text Analysis
Para 1 Jerry Cram set out to go coon hunting .. “Mistake No. 1” and “Mistake No. 2”.
那是一个阴霾的下午，杰瑞克莱姆动身准备去猎浣熊。随他同行的有他的老牧羊狗和两只猎犬幼仔。一个月以前，当杰瑞告诉他哥哥鲍勃说他自己花了五美元买了那两只小狗并且说至少他们是小猎兔犬，鲍勃吼笑道：“你又犯傻了，杰瑞！”因而，鲍勃称呼两只幼仔为“错误1号”和“错误2号”。
1 Jerry Cram set out to go coon hunting that gloomy afternoon.
set out to do sth.: begin a job, task, etc with a particular aim or goal(带着某目的)开始做某事 They succeeded in what they set out to do.
gloomy: adj. dark or unlighted 阴暗的; ( that makes people feel) sad, depressed沮丧的 The accident took place in a gloomy day. What are you so gloomy about? Cheer up! coon: Coon is short for racoon (浣熊).
2 With him were his old shepherd dog and two beagle hound pups. [grammatical point] “With him…” is an inverted sentence.
beagle hound pups: a baby hunting dog (猎野兔等小动物的)猎犬幼仔 Names for the dog:
dog 公狗 bitch 母狗 puppy / pup 小狗 hound 大猎狗 sheepdog 牧羊狗 mongrel 杂种狗 Names of young animals: dog-------puppy / pup cat-------kitten horse-----foal cow-------calf pig---------piglet sheep------lamb bear-------cub
3 …but his older brother Bob had roared with laughter a month earlier, when Jerry had told him they had cost five dollars.
roar with laughter: laugh loudly
He roared with laughter when he heard that joke.
Para 2 Even Jerry had to admit that the pups … had been gutted by rot and insects.
杰瑞猎捕了好几个小时，一无所获，直到最后用尽了子弹，他不得不承认这两只幼仔无多大用处。临近傍晚，他在一棵山毛榉树顶发现了一只浣熊。这棵树四十英尺高，极古老，数年前就枯死了。树干顶部被风暴卷起了，树干本身由于腐烂和虫咬被毁坏了。 1 Even Jerry had to admit that the pups weren’t much help…
admit: v. recognize or acknowledge sth. as true, often reluctantly 承认，供认，招认（常为不情愿地）
[idiom] admit to sth/doing sth 承认，供认，坦白某事物 George would never admit to being wrong.
It is now generally admitted to have been a mistake. cf. acknowledge concede confess
acknowledge: v. to accept the truth of (sth.) ; to admit (sth.) 承认 concede: v. to admit that sth. is true, valid, proper承认；给予
confess: v. to say or admit, often formally, (that one has done wrong, committed a crime, etc) 承认；招供；坦白
The prisoner has admitted his guilt.
They refused to acknowledge that they were defeated. I was forced to concede that she might be right. She finally confessed to having stolen the money. 2 …till at last he ran out of shells.
[paraphrase] till at last he used up all his shells.
to run out of sth.: to have no more of sth. left 用尽；to flow out from some place从某处流出 The hospital has run out of medical supplies.
But the water ran out of the hole at the bottom. ( It means the water flowed out from the hole.) 3 Then, toward evening, he spotted a racoon high in a beech tree. spot: v. find, discover She spotted her friend in the crowd. He was spotted by police boarding a plane for Paris.
4 and the trunk itself had been gutted by rot and insects.
gut: v. destroy the inside or contents of That warehouse was gutted by the fire. Para 3 Still, Jerry went up after the coon,…, into the deep hollow of the dead tree.
然而，杰瑞走到浣熊后，想用手抓它。但是他从未碰过动物。正当他到达残缺的树干的顶尖时，他踩的树枝在脚下不幸地破裂了。他马上移到树干的边缘，立刻树梢被压断了。他突然跌下来了。事情发生的太突然了，杰瑞没来得及喊一声，就掉入了朽树的深洞里。
1 Just as he got level with the top of the broken trunk, the limb on which he was standing cracked ominously under his feet.
[paraphrase] Just as he reached the same height as the top of the broken trunk, unluckily, the twig on which he was standing was broken.
to be / get level with sth.: be at the same height, amount or degree as处于/达到与某物相同的高度、数量或程度
Food production in this nation keeps level with the population growth.
[idioms] on a level with sb. /sth.: at the same level在同等的水平上，处于同等地位 Technically, both players are on a level, i.e. of the same standard. on the level: (informal) honest(ly) 诚实（地） Are you sure this deal is on the level? crack: v. break
You can crack this toughed glass, but you can’t break it. The ice cracked as I stepped on it.
Para 4 Halfway down Jerry’s fall was broken …, he picked himself up.
他直摔下去，途中一根伸出的树枝挂住了他的衣服，悬空片刻，接着他又跌倒了。他颤抖地茫然地爬起来，但奇怪的是没有受伤。
Shaken, dazed, but miraculously unhurt, he picked himself up.
[grammatical point] past participle is used independently as an adverbial to modify a sentence. Past participle and the subject of the following sentence should have a logic relationship.
Influenced (=As they were influenced ) by Li Feng’s example, they performed a lot of good deeds. to pick oneself up: stand up with difficulty after one has fallen or been knocked down 站起来（尤其跌倒后）
Pick yourself up and brush yourself down.
Para 5 It was dark inside the tree. Above… backed off and barked in alarm. 树洞里一片漆黑。他头顶上仅有圆盘大的灰蒙蒙的天空。脚下梨状小孔映出一小块淡淡的光。他可以听见两只幼仔朝着他叫，牧羊狗后退并且惊慌地叫着。 1 And Shep backed off and barked in alarm.
[paraphrase] Shep (the shepherd dog) moved backwards and barked with fear and excitement. back off：give up a claim to sth; yield 放弃对某事物的要求；屈服 He proved that he was right and his critics had to back off.
[idioms] back away (from sb. /sth. ): move backwards in fear or dislike 因害怕或厌恶而后退 The child backed away from the big dog.
back out (of sth): withdraw from (an agreement, a promise, etc)不履行（协议、承诺等） It’s too late to back out (of the deal) now.
back sb. / sth. up: give support or encouragement to sb. / sth.支持或鼓励某人（某物） If I tell the police I was with you that day, will you back me up? Noises made by certain animals: sheep, goat, calf, lamb------- bleat horse----------------------------neigh pig-------------------------------grunt dog------------------------------bark
cat-------------------------------mew, meow, miaow owl------------------------------hoot duck-----------------------------quack
Para 6 Jerry was scared. Some time passed …. encouragement to their master. 杰瑞害怕了。过了一段时间，他平静下来了，开始寻找出路。树干里没有东西可以抓着爬出去；他无法抓住帮助阻止他下跌速度的那根根株。他竭尽全力，却不能把脚下的那个孔踢大。求救也无用，当时他离家太远。最后他决定派狗去寻求帮助。“回家，牧羊狗，回家！”他喊道。牧羊狗尖叫一声。“回家！”他又喊了一声。牧羊狗转身飞快的跨过田野，但两只幼仔仍原地不动，用叫声鼓励着主人。
1 …the snag that had slowed him up on his way down was out of reach.
[paraphrase] The snag that had reduced the speed of his fall can not be caught by hand. slow up /d own: make …happen or move slowly使……发生或慢慢移动
Experts say the devaluation of the Japanese currency may slow down the recovery of the Asian economy.
beyond / out of / within (one’s) reach: outside or inside the distance that a hand, etc can be stretched out 手不能及（伸手可及）; beyond or within sb.’s / sth.’s capability, authority, effectiveness, etc. 非（为）某人的（某物的）能力、权力、影响等所能及 The shelf is so high that it is well out of my reach.
I can’t satisfy your requirement. That’s out of my reach. 2 It would do no good to call, either;
[paraphrase] Also, it would be useless to call out for help (since he was stuck inside the tree trunk in the first place and was much too far from home to cry for help).
[structure] It will do good / harm to do sth.: It will be beneficial / harmful to do sth. It does much harm to smoke. It does much good to form a good habit. At last the idea came to him of sending the dogs for help.
[grammatical point] Syntactically, the normal order should be “the idea of sending the dogs for help came to him.”
With the of phrase postponed after the verb, the sentence sounds more balanced. Of phrase functions as subject complement.
Our hope was broken of being given one hundred dollars as a reward.
3 ...and streaked across the field, but the two pups remained, yelping encouragement to their master.
[paraphrase] and the Shep ran quickly in a straight line across the field, but the two young dogs stayed there, crying. It seemed that the cries encouraged their master to be brave.
streak: v. (informal) move very fast (in the specified direction)飞快地（向某方向）移动 The children streaked off (down the street) as fast as they could.
yelp: v. utter a short sharp cry (of pain, anger, excitement, etc)（因痛苦、气愤、兴奋等）发出短而尖的叫声
The dog yelped when I trod on its paw.
Para 7 Night came. A storm broke. Lightning … through the hole to lick his feet.
夜幕来临。暴风雨袭来。闪电在尖顶上闪过，雨涌入了树中的空洞里。那恰是杰瑞可以站的地方，他被雨淋透了。他曾担心自己是否会淹死在那儿。但是雨水从顶部流入的同时又流出了这个空洞。外面，杰瑞可以听到两只幼仔在呜咽。他们被暴雨吓坏了，但并没有离开。相反，他们更接近树了，用嘴穿过小孔去舔主人的脚以示安慰。 1 Lightning writhed above his head.
writhe: v. describe a person who twists his body about because of acute pain or discomfort 指人扭动或翻滚（尤指因巨痛或不舒服）
When the dentist was pulling out his rotten tooth, he writhed in agony.
In the text the word is used figuratively to present a vivid picture of flashes of lightning dancing about in the sky.
2 There was just room for Jerry to stand, and he was drenched by the rain. drench: v. (esp. passive) make sb. or sth. completely wet We were caught in the storm and got drenched. 3 Outside, Jerry could hear the pups whimpering.
whimper: v. ( of dog, person) cry softly, esp. with fear or pain
“Please don’t leave me alone,” he whimpered. Para 8 Meanwhile Shep had run across… that guided Bob to the right tree.
同时牧羊狗跑过田野到了克莱姆家。它猛烈地叫着，鲍勃紧跟着它。但是当他们到达篱笆旁时，这只狗，正如它来的时候一样身体慌乱不稳，太累了再也不能跳过去了。最后，仅靠眼睛悲伤的幼仔的叫声引导鲍勃到了那棵树前。
Barking furiously, he got Bob to follow…leaped over them frantically…
furiously: adv. often indicating intense fierceness of behavior out of irritation or anger 满腔愤怒地，大发雷霆地； describing the way in which sth. is done with great vigor, effort or speed ( as it is used in the text) 猛烈地，极度地，激烈地
Furiously, the workers struggled for better working condition and more money. A gale furiously blew the ship to the rocky shore.
frantically: adv. describing a wild and desperate action taken under extreme pressure, usually because sb. is frightened or worried情感的极度状态，（因为恐惧或焦急）发疯地，发狂地 The parents were frantically searching for their missing child in the woods.
Para 9 Even then it took a rescue party, ropes, and fifteen hours to get Jerry out of his sodden prison-wet, hungry, and exhausted.
接着是营救工作，用绳子花了15个小时把杰瑞从浸透了的囚笼里拖出来---这时杰瑞浑身湿透了，又饿又累。
a rescue party: a group of people organized to save people or property in a disaster营救人员 sodden: a. wet through
My shoes are sodden from walking in the rain.
Para 10 “Oh, gosh,” he said over and over … and Mistake No. 2 -they saved me!”
他们把他拖上来后，杰瑞反复唠叨：“哎，天哪，我一直在想我会死在这儿，这是杰瑞的最后一次错误。但是幼仔没有放弃希望！牧羊狗去求助，幼仔自始至终陪着我！错误1号和错误2号---他们救了我的命。”
“Oh, gosh,” he said over and over after they had finally pulled him up,…
gosh: an interjection to indicate how surprised you are or how strongly you feel about sth. Gosh, it’s nearly midnight I had no idea it’s so late.( expressing surprise) over and over: many times
I’ve wanted you over and over (again) not to do that. Say the words over and over to yourself. Comprehension work
A. The story is about a boy's adventurous hunting trip in which he was trapped in the deep
hollow of a huge tree and was eventually saved with the help of his three dogs. The irony of the story is that the boy was saved by his mistakes --- by the two pups whom he mistook for beagles and had paid a big price of five dollars to buy them
B. The third and fourth paragraphs: Jerry fell from a broken limb of a dead beech tree when he
tried to capture a racoon and plunged down into the deep hollow of the huge tree but was miraculously unhurt The fifth and sixth paragraphs: Jerry examined his situation inside the tree, tried to find a way out and finally sent the old dog, Shep, to get help from home The eighth and ninth paragraphs: Jerry's brother came with Shep to help but it was the pups'barking that guided him to the right tree. Jerry was saved by a rescue party
Dictation
Mary, who had been in a deep sleep , was woken suddenly by a strange noise, which seemed to come from outside her window. She sat up, startled .Then she froze as she saw that the window, which she thought she had locked the night before, was wide open. With a shock, she remembered that her husband had taken the children to visit their sick grandmother ,and that she was alone in the house. Somethingcracked ominously behind her. Turning, she saw, to her great relief, that it was only her little dog, which had accidentally knocked over a pitcher on the small table. The pitcher tumbled to the floor, making a loud noise in the dead of the night. Suddenly it occurred to her that she had left the window slightly open for the pup, as it had not returned after dark. At this moment, the little dog, whimpering , came to her side to lick her feet as if it knew it had done
something wrong
Vocabulary Work
A. stick one's neck out Nothing ventured, nothing gained. take the plunge beard the lion in its den bell the cat a leap in the dark expose oneself to danger or take a risk If one doesn't take a risk, one will not be likely to succeed. decide on a course of action which you consider is difficult or risky and which you will not be able to reverse later confront or attack a powerful or fearful person, in that person's own familiar surroundings attempt something dangerous an action or risk taken without knowing what will happen Raise Questions
1. What was the beech tree like (when Jerry was hunting for a coon in it)?
2. What happened as he got level with the broken trunk?
3. What occurred to him at last? 4. How did Jerry survive the rainstorm?
5. How did Bob find the right tree and succeed in rescuing Jerry in the end?
因祸得福
那是一个阴霾的下午，杰瑞克莱姆动身准备去猎浣熊。随他同行的有他的老牧羊狗和两只猎犬幼仔。一个月以前，当杰瑞告诉他哥哥鲍勃说他自己花了五美元买了那两只小狗并且说至少他们是小猎兔犬，鲍勃吼笑道：“你又犯傻了，杰瑞！”因而，鲍勃称呼两只幼仔为“错误1号”和“错误2号”。
杰瑞猎捕了好几个小时，一无所获，直到最后用尽了子弹，他不得不承认这两只幼仔无多大用处。临近傍晚，他在一棵山毛榉树顶发现了一只浣熊。这棵树四十英尺高，极古老，数年前就枯死。树干顶部被风暴卷起了，树干本身由于腐烂和虫咬被毁坏了。
然而，杰瑞走到浣熊后，想用手抓它。但是他从未碰过动物。正当他到达残缺的树干的顶尖时，他踩的树枝在脚下不幸破裂了。他马上移到树干的边缘，立刻树梢被压断了。他突然跌下来了。事情发生的太突然了，杰瑞没来得及喊一声，就落入了朽树的深洞里。
他直摔下去，途中一根伸出的树枝挂住了他的衣服，悬空片刻，接着他又跌倒了。他颤抖地茫然地爬起来，但奇怪的是没有受伤。
树洞里一片漆黑。他头顶上仅有圆盘大的灰蒙蒙的天空。脚下梨状小孔映出一小块淡淡的光。他可以听见两只幼仔朝着他叫，牧羊狗后退并且惊慌地叫着。
杰瑞害怕了。过了一段时间，他平静下来了，开始寻找出路。树干里没有东西可以抓着爬出去；他无法抓住帮助阻止他下跌速度的那根根株。他竭尽全力，却不能把脚下的那个孔踢大。求救也无用，当时他离家太远。最后他决定派狗去寻求帮助。“回家，牧羊狗，回家！”他喊道。牧羊狗尖叫一声。“回家！”他又喊了一声。牧羊狗转身飞快的跨过田野，但两只幼仔仍原地不动，用叫声鼓励着主人。
夜幕来临。暴风雨袭来。闪电在尖顶上闪过，雨涌入了树中的空洞里。那恰是杰瑞可以站的地方，他被雨淋透了。他曾担心自己是否会淹死在那儿。但是雨水从顶部流入的同时又流出了这个空洞。外面，杰瑞可以听到两只幼仔在呜咽。他们被暴雨吓坏了，并没有离开。相反，他们更接近树了，用嘴穿过小孔去舔主人的脚以示安慰。
同时牧羊狗跑过田野到了克莱姆家。它猛烈地叫着，鲍勃紧跟着它。但是当他们到达篱笆旁时，这只狗，正如它来的时候一样身体慌乱不稳，太累了再也不能跳过去了。最后，仅靠眼睛悲伤的幼仔的叫声引导鲍勃到了那棵树前。
接着是营救工作，用绳子花了15个小时把杰瑞从浸透了的囚笼里拖出来---这时杰瑞浑
身湿透了，又饿又累。
他们把他拖上来后，杰瑞反复唠叨：“哎，天哪，我一直在想我会死在这儿，这是杰瑞的最后一次错误。但是幼仔没有放弃希望！牧羊狗去求助，幼仔自始至终陪着我！错误1号和错误2号---他们救了我的命。”
（湖南大学外语学院2000级贾睿译，邱艳春修改）
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