一、选择题
1.Had he studied harder, he_______ the exams. A.must have got through C.would get through 解析:D 【解析】
试题分析:句意:如果他学习再努力一点,他就能通过考试了。must have got through 一定通过;could get through 可能通过;would get through 会通过;would have got through 会通过。这句话中Had he studied 是一种省略倒装的形式,相当于If he had studied harder,是虚拟语气的用法,从句中用的是过去完成时,这时主句用would +have +过去分词。故选D。 考点:考查虚拟语气。
2.--- If I_______ one million dollars, I would give it to medical research.
---If I _______ you, I would give it to charity.
B.would have, was
C.had, were D.have, isC
A.will have, am 解析:C
【解析】考察虚拟语气。第一空,虚拟语气,与现在相反,用过去时。第二空,虚拟语气,与现在相反,用过去时,be动词用were。故选C 3.If I ____Alice, I _____them the truth. A. was , would tell B. were ,would tell C. am, will tell D.is , will tellB 解析:B 【解析】
试题分析:本题的含义是如果我是你,我将告诉他们真相,本题if引导的是一个虚拟的条件句,在虚拟句中,be用were,主句通常用过去的一种,will应该用would,故本题选B。
考点:if引导的虚拟条件句。
点评:在英文中条件句有两种,一种是真实的条件句,if后遇到将来时用一般现在时,一种是虚拟的条件句,if后用过去时,be用were,在英文的实际使用中应该注意它们的区别。
4.— What would you do if you _______ a million dollars? — I would give it to charity.
A.have B.had C.will have D.would haveB 解析:B
【解析】试题分析:句意:-如果你有一百万美元你会做什么?-我会把它捐给慈善事业。have 有;had 过去式;will have 一般将来时;would have 过去将来时。根据句意可知,这里表示的是一个假设的问题,在if引导的条件状语从句中应该用虚拟语气,动词用过去式,故选B。 考点:考查虚拟语气。
B.could get through D.would have got throughD
5.If I______ you, I would take a small present.. A.am B.was C.were D.areC 解析:C 【解析】
试题分析:句意:如果我我你,我会那个小的礼物。句中用虚拟语气,系动词用were,故选C。
考点:考查虚拟语气。
6.–I argued with my best friend. What should I do? --If I ________ you, I would say sorry to her. A.am B.was C.are D.wereD 解析:D
【解析】试题分析:句意:我和我最好的朋友吵架了。我该怎么办?如果我是你,我就对她说对不起。虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想,所说的是一个条件,不一定是事实,或与事实相反。在虚拟条件语气句中,表示与现在事实相反的事实,条件从句中的谓语动词用过去式(be用were不用was),主句谓语动词为“would+原形动词”,所以选D。
考点:考查虚拟语气。
7.If I ____ you, I ____ buy a bike for him.
A.was, would B.was, could C.were, would D.were, couldC 解析:C 【解析】
试题分析:句意:如果我是你,我就给他买一辆自行车。虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想,而不表示客观存在的事实,所说的是一个条件,不一定是事实,或与事实相反。表示与现在事实相反,条件从句用一般过去时,be动词习惯用were,主句用should、could、would + 原形动词。故选C。 考点:考查虚拟语气。
8.--What would you do if you won a million yuan? -- __________. A.I shall give it to charities B.I will buy snacks
C.I won’t put it in the bank D.I’d give it to medical researchD 解析:D 【解析】
试题分析:考查虚拟语气。句意:如果你有一百万,你会做什么? 我会把它捐给医学研究。根据上文提到 What would you do if you won a million yuan 这是对现在的虚拟,所以回答时用would do ,故选D项。 考点:考查虚拟语气。
9.If his brother a millionaire(百万富翁), he'd buy her sister the expensive car. A.was 解析:B 【解析】
B.were
C.is
D.beB
试题分析:句意:假如他哥哥是百万富翁,他会为她妹妹买这辆昂贵的汽车。虚拟语气的结构为虚拟语气用法归纳 虚拟语气:表示所说的话不是事实,或不可能发生,只是说话人的一种说话人的主观愿望、假设、猜测、建议、或推测。条件状语从句动词过去式(be动词无论人称和数都用were),主句Would/should/could/ Might+动词原形。故选B。 考点:考查虚拟语气。
10.---Can you tell me what to wear at the party? ---If I ___you,I___the blue jeans. A.was,will wear 解析:C 【解析】 试题分析:
句意:---你能告诉我穿什么参加聚会吗?---如果我是你,我会穿蓝色的牛仔裤。本题考查的是虚拟条件句中主句和从句的时态问题。用if引导的虚拟条件句,虚拟现在时表示与现在事实相反的假设,其if 从句的谓语形式用动词的过去式(be 一般用were),主句用would/ should/ could/ might +动词原形,例如:If I were in your position I would marry her.结合语境可知应选C。 考点:考查虚拟语态。
11.If I______you, I_______go there at once. A.am, would 解析:B 【解析】
试题分析:句意:如果我是你,我会马上去那里。句子用到了虚拟语气,系动词be要用were;will要用过去式would,结合题意故选B。 考点:考查虚拟语气。
12.If I __________you. I would buy a big house for my parents. A.be B.am C.was D.wereD 解析:D 【解析】
试题分析:句意:如果我是你。我会买一个大房子给我的父母。这道题考查的是假设,所以要用虚拟语气,用过去时。故选D. 考点:考查虚拟语气的用法。
13.If it were Sunday today, I________ go to school. A.shan’t B.would not C.can’t D.won’tB 解析:B 【解析】
试题分析:句意:如果今天是星期天,我将不去上学。虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中,可以表示与现在事实相反的假设,条件状语从句中的谓语动词用“过去式(be动词用were)”,而主句中的谓语动词用“would / should/ could / might + 动词原形”。如:1.If I were you, I would join the army. 2.If she had time, she should go with you.。由句意可知选B。
B.were, would
C.were, will
D.am, willB
B.am,will wear
C.were,would wear
D.were,woreC
考点: 考查虚拟语气的用法。
14.—I like drinking wine. But people who drink wine aren’t allowed to drive. —If I you, I would give up wine. A.were; drinking B.am; drinking C.were; drink D.was;to drinkA 解析:A 【解析】
考查虚拟语气和非谓语动词的用法。根据句意可知,该句使用了虚拟语气,if引导的从句使用一般过去时,用were;give up后面接动词的现在分词。故选A。 15.—Swimming in the river for teenagers is very dangerous. —So it is. If I ________ them, I ________ a shower at home. A.am; would take B.were; will take C.was; would take D.were; would takeD 解析:D 【解析】
试题分析:—在河里游泳对青少年是非常危险的。—的确如此。如果我是他们,我会在家洗澡。if从句表假设,与现在事实相反,be动词则用were ,无论第几人称做主语。主句常用would 跟动词原形。故选D。考点:考查固定句式的用法。
16.His teacher suggested ________ ________ to English songs every day. Now he's much better at singing. A.he listen 解析:A 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】
句意:他的英语老师建议他每天听英文歌,他现在唱歌好多了。
考查宾语从句。由句中suggest 及句子结构分析可知是考查suggest that 引导的虚拟语气,结构为suggest that +主语+should do sth,其中that 和should 可以省略;因此第一空用主格he, 第二空填listen。故选A。 【点睛】
suggest 的用法一般有三种:1.suggest sb doing sth 意为“建议某人做某事”;2.suggest sth 建议某事。3. suggest that +主语+should do sth, 其中 that 和should 可以省略;没有suggest sb to do sth;这是易错点,做题时要注意。 17.— Come and join us, Betty!
— I’m afraid I can’t. I’m too busy now. If I ______ time, I would certainly go. A.have B.have had C.will have D.hadD 解析:D 【解析】
B.he listens
C.him listened
D.him listensA
试题分析:句意:--贝蒂,来加入我们吧!--恐怕我不能。我现在太忙。如果我有时间,我当然会去了。分析:考查if引导的虚拟语气。表示与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句。其句子结构为:从句:If + 主语+ had +过去完成式动词+ ……主句:主语+ would (should, could, might) + have +过去完成式动词+……故选 D 考点:考查虚拟语气的用法。
18.The workers insisted that they a free lunch every noon and the boss had to do that.
A.be given B.being given C.will be to give D.were givenA 解析:A
【解析】句意:工人们坚持要求他们每天中午都有免费的午餐,老板必须这样做。考查虚拟语气。insist坚持,要求,其后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气,跟虚拟式动词原形 或者“should + 动词原形” 。结合句意和语境可知选A。
19.You should_______ watched TV. There is so much work to do, A.not have 解析:A 【解析】
句意“你本不应该看足球比赛,你有许多的工作要做”。本题考查虚拟语气,shouldn't have done本不该做……却做了。根据句意,故选A。 20.-– Do you feel tired?
--- No, I don’t. If I were tired, I ______a rest. A.had 解析:B 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】
句意:——你感觉累吗?——不累,如果我累了,我会休息。考查虚拟语气。本句是if条件句,对现在的虚拟,用If sb were/did..., sb would/could/should/might do;根据句意结构和语境,故选B。
21.I strongly suggest that Mike there with us tomorrow. A.go 解析:A 【解析】 【详解】
句意“我强烈建议麦克明天和我们去那”。 A.go动词原形;
B.goes动词的单三形式;
C.will go一般将来时; D.is going现
在进行时。suggest建议,表示“建议、要求、命令、坚持”的名词、动词或形容词,后接从句时,用that sb (should) do,should可以省略,故选A。 【点睛】 一坚持insist
B.goes
C.will go
D.is goingA
B.would have
C.will have
D.haveB
B.have not
C.not
D.not havingA
二命令order, command 三建议suggest, propose, advise 四要求demand, require, request, ask
注意:若suggest译为“暗示”,insist译为“坚持说”时,其后的that从句不用虚拟语气。 22.You are overweight. You’d better any junk food. I suggest you more vegetables. A.not to eat, to have B.not eat, have 解析:B 【解析】 【详解】
句意:你超重了。你最好不要吃垃圾食品。我建议你多吃点蔬菜。
You’d better+动词原形,表示你最好做某事;You’d better+not+动词原形,表示你最好不要做某事;suggest+主语+should+动词原形,should可以省略,I suggest+主语+动词原形。根据题意,故选B。
23.The air pollution is worse and worse. The government suggests that people ____ to work by subway or by bus. A.go 解析:A 【解析】 【详解】
句意:空气污染越来越糟糕。政府建议人们乘地铁或者乘公交车去上班。
考查谓语动词。A. go 去;B. goes 去;C. going 在去;D. to go 为了去。这是一个that引导的宾语从句,suggest后跟的宾语从句应用虚拟语气(should)do结构,should可省略。故选A。
24.Luckily, he wasn’t driving fast at the time of accident; otherwise, I am sure, it _______ a more serious accident. A.would be 解析:C 【解析】 【详解】
句意:幸运的是,事故发生时他没有开快车;否则,我相信,这将是一个更严重的事故。 考查虚拟语气。根据“wasn’t driving”是过去进行时,所以此处是对过去的虚拟,主句时态应用情态动词+have done,故选C。
25.I think all the plants would________ if there was too much pollution. A.died out 解析:C 【解析】 【详解】
句意:我认为如果有太多污染,所有的植物都会灭绝。
考查动词短语辨析以及虚拟语气。died out过去式或过去分词形式,灭绝;die of因……而
B.die of
C.die out
D.died ofC
B.were
C.would have been
D.had beenC
B.goes
C.going
D.to goA
C.not eat, to have
D.not to eat, haveB
死;die out灭绝;died of过去式或过去分词形式。空前would是情态动词,后面跟动词原形,先排除A和D。根据句意 “if there was too much pollution”可知,这里应表示“灭绝”,故选C。
26.—I should have been more careful in the exam. —It is a great pity that you __________. A.didn’t 解析:C 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】
句意:——我应该在考试中更加小心。——很遗憾,你没有。
考查对过去情况的推测。根据上句“should +现在完成时”是对过去情况的推测,I should have been more careful in the exam.的意思是你(过去)应该更细心些(实际不够细心),这说明我已经做了什么不恰当的事情,而这件事情现在产生了不良的影响,此空应填过去时态,故排除B和D;根据careful是形容词,表示状态,此空应填were not,故排除A,故选C。
27.—He suggests that his friend _________ to Beijing right now. —I think it’s a good ________. A.should fly; advice 解析:D 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】
句意:——他建议他的朋友现在就飞往北京。——我认为这是一个好建议。
考查时态及名词。should fly情态动词+动词原形;advice建议,不可数名词;will fly一般将来时;suggestion建议,可数名词;flies动词三单;fly动词原形;根据“suggests that”及“right now”可知第一空是虚拟语气,用“(should) do”,排除A、C;根据“a good”可推测出第二空是可数名词“suggestion”,故选D。
28.There are many museums there and they can’t decide to choose. In the end, the clerk suggested they to the computer museum. A.what; to go 解析:B 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】
句意:那里有很多博物馆,他们不能决定选择哪个。最后,店员建议他们去电脑博物馆。 考查“疑问词+不定式”和虚拟语气。what什么;which哪个。分析第一处可知,此处构成“疑问词+不定式”结构,此前有“There are many museums there”范围,所以表示“不能决定选择哪个”的含义,使用which。to go动词不定式;go动词原形;going动名词。分析第二处
B.which; go
C.which; goingB
B.will fly; suggestion C.flies; advise
D.fly; suggestionD
B.haven’t
C.were not
D.are notC
可知,此处构成“suggest (that) sb (should) do sth”句型,所以此处使用动词原形。故选B。 【点睛】 suggest的用法: suggest doing sth
例句:He suggested going out for a walk. suggest (that) sb (should) do sth
例句:He suggested (that) you (should) go there tomorrow. 29.—Would you like to join us?
—I’d love to,but I’m so busy now.If I________time I________do it. A.has;will B.have;will C.have;should D.had;wouldD 解析:D 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】
句意:——你愿意加入我们吗?——我很愿意,但是我现在很忙。如果我有时间我会去的。
考查条件状语从句。由答语的前半部分可知“我”现在没有时间,所以后面应当用虚拟语气。
30.I’m not free today, If I ____ time, I ____ and help him with you. A.have, will go B.had, would go C.have, would go D.had, will goB 解析:B 【解析】
试题分析:句意:我今天没空,如果我有时间,我就和你一起去帮助他。在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中,主句和从句的谓语都要用虚拟语气。表示与现在事实相反的假设,虚拟条件句为If+主语+动词的过去式(be动词用were) ,主句为主语+should, would, could, might + 动词原形。所以选B。 考点:考查虚拟语气。
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